a. 깊은; 심오한
Palladio's impact on architecture has been profound and far-reaching.
symmetrical
a. (인체·디자인·사물 등이) 대칭적인
Hundreds of thousands of houses with symmetrical fronts and applied columns topped by a pediment descend from the designs of Palladio.
patron
n. (화가·작가 등에 대한) 후원자
When he met Count Gian Giorgio Trissino, a poet, diplomat, and architectural patron in Vicenza, he switched to architecture.
burgeoning
a. 급성장하는, 증가하는
Recognizing the young Palladio’s burgeoning talent, Trissino took him into his household and educated him in art.
humdrum
a. 단조로운; 따분한
Palladio gradually transformed Vicenza from a humdrum backwater into a small city of exceptional grace.
legacy
n. 유산
Palladio left a vast legacy that includes San Giorgio Maggiore, Villa Saraceno, and numerous other remarkable buildings.
aesthetic
a. 심미적, 미학적
It was Goethe in his Italian Journey who most famously praised the aesthetic value of Palladio’s work in Vicenza.
monument
n. 기념비적인 건축물; 기념물
It is only with these monuments before our eyes that we can understand their great value.
culmination
n. 정점, 최고조
The Teatro Olimpico is the culmination of Palladio’s artistic genius.
commission
v. 의뢰〔위탁〕하다; n. 의뢰〔주문〕
The Teatro Olimpico was commissioned by the Olympic Academy for the purpose of staging performances and intellectual debates.
aristocrat
n. 귀족
Following his growing reputation in Vicenza, Palladio received more and more commissions from wealthy and prominent aristocrats in Venice.
appoint
v. 임명하다
For his masterful work as well as through his powerful patrons, Palladio was appointed chief architect of the Venetian Republic.
sanctity
n. 거룩함, 존엄성, 신성함
San Giorgio Maggiore embodies a perfect mixture of a classical Roman temple with the sanctity of a Christian church.
evoke
v. (감정·기억·이미지를) 떠올리다, 되살리다
Its magnificent white facade, composed of two temple fronts of different sizes, evokes a sense of order, balance, and harmony.
adhere to
~을 고수하다
The inside similarly adheres to a classical use of mathematical formulas and geometric ratios.
sublime
a. (감탄할 만큼) 숭고한, 장엄한
The view from a distance is sublime.
monastic
a. 수도원의, 수도승의
Every building Palladio designed, from a simple farmhouse to his grand monastic churches, is a treasure.
marvel at
~에 놀라다
When young, Palladio followed Trissino to Rome, where the young architect marveled at the ancient ruins of Roman buildings.
pared-down
a. 삭감〔긴축〕한
The villa is a quietly magnificent building that looks and feels like a Roman temple, despite being a pared-down, almost ordinary farmhouse.
triumphal
a. 승리를 축하하는, 개선의
The three arches of the loggia resemble Roman triumphal arches.
surge
v. 급증하다, 갑자기 높아지다
Like imperial Roman buildings, the villa, which is placed high on a basement podium, surges proudly upward.
contemplate
v. 응시하다; 심사숙고하다
Each of the loggias is itself a place from which one can contemplate the ever-changing spectacle of nature without being exposed to the sun.
exert
v. (권력·영향을) 행사하다
Palladio exerted a great influence long after his death in 1580.
in awe of
~을 경외하여
It is not surprising that the brightest British Modern Movement architects of the 1930s were as in awe of Palladio as they were of Le Corbusier.
enduring
a. 지속적인, 영구적인
What was it that made Palladio’s influence so enduring around the world?
unpretentious
a. 잘난 체 하지 않는, 가식 없는
Palladio offered a practical, perfectly proportioned, unpretentious form of classical design.
innate
a. 타고난
Behind Palladio’s designs is a complex architectural chemistry that is beautifully resolved through an innate understanding of proportion.
friction
n. 갈등; 마찰
Sometimes these differences cause friction between people from different cultures or countries.
commodity
n. 상품, 물품, 원자재
The societies view time as a precious, even scarce commodity.
irreversibly
ad. 되돌릴 수 없게, 영구적으로
According to this view, time is always flowing quickly by, and once it has passed, it is irreversibly gone.
idle
a. 게으른, 나태한
People with a linear view of time cannot bear to be idle.
seize
v. 꽉 잡다, 장악하다
In linear time, the past is over, but you can seize the present and make it work for you in the immediate future.
monochronic
a. 단일 과제 지향적인
People who adopt a linear view of time also tend to be monochronic.
equate
v. 동일시하다
They also equate working time with success.
capacity
n. 능력, 역량
If you have 40 years of earning capacity and you want to make $4 million, that means you need to earn $100,000 per year.
adjust
v. 조절하다; 적응하다
People who view time as flexible readily adjust deadlines.
punctual
a. 시간을 잘 지키는
Nurturing one’s relationships with others is far more important than being punctual and sticking to strict schedules.
subscribe to
(의견·이론 등을) 동의〔지지〕하다
Those who subscribe to flexible time may go through the motions of observing schedules and deadlines.
disposal
n. 처리, 처분권
For those following linear time, time is clock- and calendar-related, divided for their convenience, measurement, and disposal.
dictate
v. ~을 좌우하다, ~에 영향을 주다
Time is an objective truth that dictates one’s actions.
subjective
a. 주관적인
For those living in the world of flexible time, time is subjective and event-related.
manipulate
v. 조종〔조작〕하다
Time can be shaped, stretched, or manipulated, regardless of what the clock says.
submissive
a. 순종적인, 고분고분한
People living in flexible time would scorn this submissive attitude to schedules.
abide by
지키다, 따르다
Those who abide by cyclical time are likely to make business decisions in very different ways.
contextual
a. 전후 관계의, 맥락상의
The past forms the contextual background of the present decision in cyclical time.
slip away
사라지다
Those living in cyclical time do not see time as slipping away into the past.
sequential
a. 순차적인
Instead of tackling problems immediately in sequential fashion, they might circle around them for a few days or weeks before committing themselves.
envisage
v. 상상하다; 예상하다
Contemplation of the whole scene has indicated that task G, perhaps not even envisaged at all earlier on, might be the most significant of all.
succeed
v. (자리·지위 등의) 뒤를 잇다
Governments and rulers will succeed each other.
catastrophe
n. 참사, 재앙
Floods, earthquakes and other catastrophes will be repeated.
anticipate
v. 예상하다
We are often surprised to discover that people behave in completely different ways from what we anticipated.
assumption
n. 추정, 가정
It just goes to show that we can never be too sure of our assumptions.
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