a. 황량한
The desolate field is completely unremarkable, except for one thing.
subterranean
a. 지하의
Below it lies Movile Cave—a subterranean world.
descend
v. 내려가다
The only light, which bounces around the walls as you descend, is from your
helmet.
ochre
n. 황토
You must climb down through narrow limestone tunnels covered in ochre clay.
cavern
n. (큰) 동굴
These paths eventually open out into a cavern containing a lake.
emit
v. 내뿜다
The pool of warm, sulphidic water constantly emits hydrogen sulphide.
emerge
v. 나타나다
You must squeeze through tiny gaps in the rock before emerging into spaces called air bells.
fatal
a. 치명적인
Getting stuck or losing your way in the complex tunnels would be fatal.
scuttle
v. 총총 가다
Movile Cave is filled with all sorts of scuttling and slithering life forms.
identify
v. 알아내다, 발견하다
48 species have been identified, including 33 found nowhere else in the world.
impermeable
a. 불 침투성의
Movile Cave remains impermeable to surface water due to a thick layer of clay above it.
frothy
a. (작은) 거품투성이의
The food comes from the strange frothy bubbles sitting on top of the water.
deficiency
n. 결핍, 부족
The deficiency of sunlight means that in place of photosynthesis they employ a process known as chemosynthesis.
erode
v. 침식시키다
The sulphuric acid gradually erodes the limestone of the cave.
release
v. 방출하다
This in turn releases carbon dioxide, which explains the high concentrations of the gas inside the cave.
bubble up
거품이 일다
Methane gas bubbles up through the waters of the cave.
peculiar
a. 특이한, 기이한
In spite of Movile Cave’s peculiar ecosystem, its bacteria are nothing unusual for some prominent biologists.
trap
v. 가두다
The bacteria have been trapped in the cave for over 5 million years.
obsolete
a. 쓸모없게 된
The lack of a natural source of light makes their eyes obsolete.
translucent
a. 반투명한
Almost all of these creatures are translucent due to the loss of pigment in the skin.
categorize
v. 범주화하다, 분류하다
In the late 1990s, researchers categorized the animals in the cave.
predator
n. 포식자
This forced the animals there to seek shelter in the deep cave, which had no competitors or predators.
find one’s way into
(우연히) ~에 이르게 되다
Different animals may have found their way into the cave at different times.
isolation
n. 고립
Despite their extreme isolation, there are a few ways in which they could have relevance for humans.
culprit
n. (문제를 일으킨) 장본인, 범인
The bacteria’s ability to oxidize methane and carbon dioxide, the biggest culprits when it comes to global warming, is of particular interest.
form
v. 형성하다
The microbes could offer clues about how life first formed on earth.
primordial
a. 태초의; 원시의
The atmosphere they live in is similar to that of primordial earth.
sediment
n. 침전물
There are plenty more organisms buried in the cave’s sediment waiting to be identified.
frontier
n. 최전선, 한계
Dr. Sylvia Earle has spent over four decades at the frontier of deep ocean exploration.
laurels
n. 영예
She has earned such laurels as Time’s first “Hero for the Planet.”
propagate
v. 선전하다, 전파하다
She is propagating ideas about positive change for our planet.
restore
v. 복원하다
Mission Blue's objective is to protect and restore the ocean through the
creation of “Hope Spots.”
poignant
a. 가슴 아픈, 통렬한
Dr. Earle presents some poignant observations to urge the public to take action
regarding the plight of the oceans.
precipitation
n. 강우; 강설
The water that falls from the sky in the form of precipitation originate in the oceans.
regulate
v. 조절하다
The ocean governs planetary chemistry and regulates temperature.
inextricably
ad. 불가분하게
The ocean and the atmosphere are a single, continuous, interacting system, inextricably linked and working together in concert.
accumulation
n. 축적
Tell us about the problems our oceans face, such as pollution and plastic accumulation.
get rid of
~을 제거하다
We have regarded the ocean as a place to throw away or get rid of
whatever it is that we don’t want.
commodity
n. 상품, 산물
We’ve used it as a source of commodities, whether it’s oil, gas, or fish.
run out
바닥나다
Our attitude has been that the ocean is like a bank account that never runs out.
consequence
n. 결과
Now we’re seeing the consequences of this ignorance.
legacy
n. (과거로부터의) 유산
Everything we put in the ocean endures as a legacy for all time.
conspicuous
a. 눈에 잘 띄는, 뚜렷한
The plastics in the ocean remain conspicuous.
tangible
a. 실체적인, 유형적인
They become tangible symbols of our maltreatment of the planet.
overfishing
n. 남획
How do problems such as overfishing affect our oceans?
vast
a. 방대한
The chemistry of the ocean is shaped by life in the ocean and its vast, interconnected food webs.
digestion
n. 소화
A whale eats krill, and after the digestion process, it puts back into the ocean nutrients.
be equipped with
~을 갖추고 있다
Now humans are equipped with technology capable of extracting hundreds
of millions of tons of ocean wildlife.
integrity
n. 온전함
We are destroying the integrity of the wild ocean’s natural systems.
pristine
a. 자연〔원래〕 그대로의, 때묻지 않은
We should do everything we can to embrace pristine areas.
intact
a. (손상되지 않고) 온전한
The places are intact and represent the distillation of all preceding history.
undefiled
a. 더럽혀지지 않은
Hope Spots embrace these undefiled areas.
resilience
n. 회복력
The wonderful thing about a healthy, natural system is its resilience.
transcend
v. 초월하다, 능가하다
We humans have a capacity which transcends what other creatures have.
civilization
n. 문명 Civilization is now connected to all the knowledge of the past.
impart
v. (정보·지식 등을) 전하다
There’s reason for hope because of the knowledge we can impart to kids.
infinite
a. 무한한
We cannot continue to burn through our assets, as they are not infinite.
indispensable
a. 필수적인
We must arm them with the most indispensable thing we have.
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