고등 영어 YBM 한상호 1학기

deliver

v. (연설·강연 등을) 하다
Rhimes delivered the speech at the graduation ceremony.

graduation

n. 졸업
Rhimes delivered the speech at the graduation eremony for Dartmouth College in 2014.

ceremony

n. 의식, 식
Rhimes delivered the speech at the graduation ceremony for Dartmouth College in 2014.

come true

이루어지다, 실현되다
Don’t stop dreaming until your dreams come true.

nonsense

n. 터무니없는 생각[말]
I think that’s nonsense.

doer

n. 행동가, 실천가
Be a doer, not a dreamer.

dreamer

n. 몽상가
Be a doer, not a dreamer.

move forward

전진하다
You just have to keep moving forward.

seize

v. 꽉 붙잡다
You just have to seize the next opportunity.

opportunity

n. 기회
Don’t sit at home waiting for the magical opportunity.

magical

a. 마력이 있는, 아주 멋진
Don’t sit at home waiting for the magical opportunity.

self-centered

a. 자기중심적인
Don’t be self-centered.

miserable

a. 비참한
Don’t act like you’re the most miserable person in the world, because you are not.

regardless of

~에 상관없이
Everyone should be treated equally regardless of gender or race.

gender

n. 성, 성별
Everyone should be treated equally regardless of gender or race.

slavery

n. 노예, 노예제도
Slavery still exists.

starve to death

굶어죽다
Children still starve to death.

countless

a. 무수한, 셀 수 없이 많은
There are countless people who are living much more difficult lives than we can ever imagine.

violence

n. 폭행, 폭력
Crime and violence are part of the everyday lives of these people.

pay for

대금을 지불하다, 빚을 갚다
It’s time to pay for the gift you have been given by doing something for the world.

accept

v. 받아들이다
Accept that you cannot do everything.

entirely

ad. 전적으로, 완전히
I’m going to give you an entirely honest answer.

succeed in

~에 성공하다
Whenever I’m succeeding in one area of my life, I’m failing in another area.

inevitably

ad. 불가피하게, 필연적으로
If I’m succeeding at one, I’m inevitably failing at the other.

achieve

v. 성취하다, 해내다
We all achieve one thing by failing to achieve something else.

scare

v. 겁주다, 놀라게 하다
I hope I didn’t scare you.

cooperation

n. 협동, 협력
Cooperation is a process that started with the first single-celled creatures.

survival

n. 생존
Darwin’s “survival of the fittest” is universally regarded as a simple reality in the game of life.

fit

a. 적합한, 알맞은
Darwin’s “survival of the fittest” is universally regarded as a simple reality in the game of life.

be regarded as

~라고 간주되다
Darwin’s “survival of the fittest” is universally regarded as a simple reality in the game of life.

selfishness

n. 이기심
Successful play sometimes requires a degree of selfishness.

prevail

v. 널리 퍼져 있다, 우세하다
Cooperation prevails at every level of the animal kingdom.

inspiring

a. 영감을 주는, 고무적인
It is inspiring to see how animals cooperate to help each other.

observe

v. 관찰하다
Have you ever observed ants marching in and out of their nest?

remind ... of

...에게 ~를 상기시키다
It may have reminded you of a highway packed with cars.

occupy

v. 점유하다
Ants never get into a traffic jam, no matter how fast they move or how many of them occupy the road.

direction

n. 방향, 길
When there are a few ants moving in a single direction, some ants are likely to move slowly, some fast, and others even faster.

encounter

v. 우연히 만나다
There are times when ants leaving the nest for food encounter other ants coming back with food on their backs.

inbound

a. 들어오는, 귀항하는
When this happens, the inbound ants, the ones carrying a burden, always have the right of way.

outbound

a. 밖 [외국] 으로 나가는
Outbound ants turn to get out of the way, while inbound ants continue in a straight line.

arrangement

n. 합의, 배열
This arrangement makes sense because it is more difficult for inbound ants to change direction due to their heavy loads.

due to

~ 때문에
This arrangement makes sense because it is more difficult for inbound ants to change direction due to their heavy loads.

delivery

n. 배달, 전달
Following these rules and cooperating in this way, ants improve the traffic flow and make the delivery of food to the nest more efficient.

refer to

v. 언급하다, 표현하다
Tiny fish, which scientists refer to as “cleaners,” swim into the mouths of bigger fish, which are referred to as “clients.”

client

n. 고객
The cleaners get a meal, and the clients get a healthier mouth.

parasite

n. 기생 생물, 기생충
The cleaners eat parasites in the clients’ mouths.

instead of

~ 대신에
After the cleaners do their job, the clients let them go, instead of swallowing them.

swallow

v. 삼키다
After the cleaners do their job, the clients let them go, instead of swallowing them.

establish

v. 확립하다, 세우다
Once the cleaners and the clients establish trust, the clients want to cooperate with the cleaners and keep them around.

predator

n. 포식자
As more and more birds join the group, the predator becomes frightened and runs away.

frightened

a. 겁먹은
As more and more birds join the group, the predator becomes frightened and runs away.

aid

n. 도움, 구조
It is important to note that flycatchers go to the aid of another bird in danger only if that bird has helped other birds in the past.

refuse

v. 거절하다
They do not answer the calls of birds that have refused to help others before.

take over

v. 차지하다
Living things, from their beginnings more than three billion years ago, took over the planet by learning to cooperate.

plenty of

a. 많은
We human beings cooperate in plenty of ways, from lining up at a bus stop to sharing knowledge on a website.

foster

v. 증진시키다, 촉진하다
To foster cooperative success among humans, we should perhaps look to nature for inspiration.

cooperative

a. 협동하는, 협력적인
To foster cooperative success among humans, we should perhaps look to nature for inspiration.

look to

...에게 의지하다
To foster cooperative success among humans, we should perhaps look to nature for inspiration.

inspiration

n. 영감
To foster cooperative success among humans, we should perhaps look to nature for inspiration.

refreshing

a. 상쾌한, 원기를 회복시키는
When you go to the movies or when you just want something refreshing to satisfy your thirst, a soda is often the first choice.

satisfy

v. 충족시키다, 만족시키다
When you go to the movies or when you just want something refreshing to satisfy your thirst, a soda is often the first choice.

thirst

n. 갈증, 목마름
Sweet drinks don’t relieve your thirst.

consume

v. 소비하다, 섭취하다
Every year, Americans consume 170 liters of soda per person, and the British 100 liters.

ingredient

n. 재료, 성분
Most people understand that sodas are not good for their health due to the ingredients.

typical

a. 전형적인
A typical 250ml can of soda contains 30 grams of sugar.

recommend

v. 추천하다, 권장하다
WHO, the World Health Organization, recommends that people consume less than 25 grams of sugar a day.

intake

n. 섭취
Try to limit your intake of sugary snacks.

exceed

v. 초과하다
If you drink one small can of soda, your daily sugar intake already exceeds the recommended amount.

extra

a. 추가의
Having extra sugar means adding unnecessary calories.

unnecessary

a. 불필요한
Having extra sugar means adding unnecessary calories.

lead to

~로 이어지다, ~을 초래하다
Over time, this can lead to obesity and other health problems, such as heart disease and diabetes.

obesity

n. 비만
Having extra sugar can lead to obesity, heart disease, and diabetes.

diabetes

n. 당뇨병
Over time, this can lead to obesity and other health problems, such as heart disease and diabetes.

replace ~ with ...

…을 ~로 대체하다
Diet sodas replace the sugar with artificial sweeteners.

artificial

a. 인공적인
Diet sodas replace the sugar with artificial sweeteners.

generate

v. 생성하다, 유발하다
Artificial sweeteners are known to generate headaches, emotional disorders, and sleeping problems.

disorder

n. 장애
Artificial sweeteners cause headaches, emotional disorders, and sleeping problems.

acid

n. 산
Acid is a chemical substance with a sour taste.

chemical

a. 화학적인
Acid is a chemical substance with a sour taste.

substance

n. 물질
Acid is a chemical substance with a sour taste.

sour

a. 신
Acid is a chemical substance with a sour taste.

flavor

n. 맛, 풍미
When added to water, acid produces a sharp flavor.

delay

v. 미루다
Acid delays the growth of bacteria, which extends the expiration date of a product.

extend

v. 늘리다, 연장하다
Acid delays the growth of bacteria, which extends the expiration date of a product.

expiration date

n. 유통기한, 만기일
Acid delays the growth of bacteria, which extends the expiration date of a product.

interfere with

~을 방해하다
Acid interferes with the body’s ability to absorb calcium, and as a result, bone softening occurs.

absorb

v. 흡수하다
Acid interferes with the body’s ability to absorb calcium, and as a result, bone softening occurs.

interact with

~와 상호 작용하다
The acid in sodas interacts with stomach acid, slowing digestion and blocking nutrient absorption.

digestion

n. 소화
The acid in sodas interacts with stomach acid, slowing digestion and blocking nutrient absorption.

block

v. 막다
The acid in sodas interacts with stomach acid, slowing digestion and blocking nutrient absorption.

nutrient

n. 영양소
The acid in sodas interacts with stomach acid, slowing digestion and blocking nutrient absorption.

decay

v. 썩다
If you drink sodas regularly, your teeth decay more easily.

bring about

~을 유발[초래]하다
Caffeine makes you feel more awake, but it may bring about an irregular heartbeat.

irregular

a. 불규칙한
Caffeine makes you feel more awake, but it may bring about an irregular heartbeat.

heartbeat

n. 심장박동
Caffeine makes you feel more awake, but it may bring about an irregular heartbeat.

keep ~ from ...

~가 …하는 것을 막다
If you consume colas regularly, they can make you feel more nervous and keep you from sleeping well at night.

attract

v. 마음을 끌다
Soft drink companies attract consumers by adding bright colors and sweet flavors to their products.

excessive

a. 지나친, 과도한
Studies have shown that excessive consumption of artificial colors can create problems such as kidney disease and ADHD.

kidney

n. 신장
Studies have shown that excessive consumption of artificial colors can create problems such as kidney disease and ADHD.

quit

v. 끊다, 그만두다
If quitting sodas altogether sounds too difficult, cut down gradually.

altogether

ad. 완전히
If quitting sodas altogether sounds too difficult, cut down gradually.

gradually

ad. 점진적으로
If quitting sodas altogether sounds too difficult, cut down gradually.

boost

n. 증진
If you want something to add a boost of flavor, put a slice of lemon in the water.

cut back

줄이다
Once you start cutting back on sodas, you are heading in the right direction.

rainforest

n. 열대 우림
Tropical rainforests are located near the equator and have a warm and wet climate.

surround

v. 둘러싸다
You are surrounded by tall trees.

be responsible for

~에 책임이 있다
Sugary drinks are responsible for the serious health problems.

belong

v. (~에) 속하다
And sometimes there is another sound, one that does not belong in the forest at all.

buzz

n. 윙윙거림, 웅성거림
It is the buzz of a chainsaw.

disappear

v. 사라지다
Every year some 13 million hectares of rainforest, an area about the size of England, disappears.

habitat

n. 서식지
Deforestation destroys the habitats for millions of species.

species

n. 종 (種: 생물 분류의 기초 단위)
Deforestation destroys the habitats for millions of species.

biodiversity

n. 생물의 다양성
Deforestation has a major effect on the jungle’s biodiversity.

destruction

n. 파괴
Destruction of the rainforest is caused by logging, farming, mining, and other human activities.

mine

v. 채굴하다
Destruction of the rainforest is caused by logging, farming, mining, and other human activities.

illegal

a. 불법의
Some 70 to 80 percent of the logging in the rainforests is thought to be illegal.

address

v. (문제를) 다루다
They formed a special team to address the issue.

device

n. 장치
He has invented a simple device that detects illegal logging.

detect

v. 감지하다
He has invented a simple device that detects illegal logging.

come upon

우연히 마주치다
After walking only five minutes, his group came upon people who were cutting down trees illegally.

flee

v. 도망가다
The surprised loggers fled, but White was shocked.

attach

v. 부착하다
He attached a sensitive microphone to the cell phone.

sensitive

a. 민감한, 예민한
He attached a sensitive microphone to the cell phone so that it could detect chainsaw noise from up to three kilometers away.

pick up

감지하다, 알아채다
When it picked up the buzz of a saw, it would send a message to a ranger’s cell phone.

solution

n. 해결책
His solution was to put the phone in a plastic box.

electricity

n. 전기
Since there was no electricity where the phone needed to be placed, the device had to be able to power itself.

shade

n. 그늘
He was sure that the panels would work, even under the shade of the thick tree leaves.

install

v. 설치하다
Surprisingly, on only the second day after he installed the device, it picked up chainsaw noises.

alert

n. 경보
An alert message was immediately sent to White and the forest rangers.

immediately

ad. 즉시
An alert message was immediately sent to White and the forest rangers.

approach

v. 접근하다
When they approached the logging spot, the illegal loggers ran away.

spot

n. 곳, 장소
When they approached the logging spot, the illegal loggers ran away.

release

v. 방출하다
If a forest of this size is cut, 15,000 tons of CO² is released into the air.

discard

v. 버리다, 폐기하다
These devices are saving rainforests and providing new life for thousands of discarded cell phones.

be about to

막 ~하려 하다
I was about to board a plane, and I was scared.

board

v. 탑승하다
I was about to board a plane, and I was scared.

await

v. 기다리다
I was afraid of what awaited me at my destination.

destination

n. 목적지
I was afraid of what awaited me at my destination.

orphanage

n. 고아원
We spent several weeks volunteering at a community center and an orphanage.

stick with

기억에 남다
It was our volunteering time that stuck with me.

possession

n. 소유물, 소지품
It was eye-opening to see how few possessions they had, yet how much love and personal strength they had.

witness

v. 목격하다, 경험하다
It was inspiring to witness their close family ties and endless positivity.

positivity

n. 긍정성
It was inspiring to witness their close family ties and endless positivity.

gratitude

n. 감사
Volunteering gave me deep gratitude for the comforts and opportunities I used to take for granted.

literally

ad. 문자 그대로
When I returned home, I literally hugged my toilet, and I cried during my first hot shower.

tap

n. 수도꼭지
I sometimes say a silent “Thank you” as I turn on the tap to get a drink of water.

take ~ for granted

~을 당연하게 여기다
Volunteering gave me deep gratitude for the comforts and opportunities I used to take for granted.

overwhelmingly

ad. 압도적으로
The local people are welcoming, strong, and overwhelmingly positive.

rural

a. 시골의
Growing up in rural New York State, I had never before experienced people so different from me.

diversity

n. 다양성
Volunteering abroad taught me the beauty of diversity.

confident

a. 확신하는; 자신감 있는
Though I was happy to return home, I was confident it would not be my last adventure.

landscape

n. 풍경
I knew I wanted to continue exploring, trying new foods, and discovering unique landscapes.

addict

n. 중독자
It made me a travel addict.

principle

n. 원칙
It has now been 10 years since I traveled to Tanzania, and these principles still guide me.

grateful

a. 고마워하는
I do know I will be forever grateful I got on that plane.

inherit

v. 물려받다, 상속하다
If you want happiness for a year, inherit a fortune.

fortune

n. 재산, 거금
If you want happiness for a year, inherit a fortune.

convince

v. 확신을 주다, 설득하다
Scientific research provides convincing data to support the evidence that giving is a powerful path to lasting happiness.

activate

v. 활성화하다
Researchers have found that the areas in our brains that feel pleasure become activated when we give.

donate

v. 기부하다
Besides doing good, donating our money or time actually makes us feel good.

sensation

n. 느낌, 감동
This feeling is similar to a “runner’s high,” a term created for that feel-good sensation that rushes through your body after a run.

wealthy

a. 부유한
Helping others may just be the secret to living a life that is not only happier but also healthier, wealthier, and more meaningful.