a. 의미 있는
I was researching how I could spend my summer vacation in a meaningful way.
preserve
v. 보존하다
The goal of the project is to preserve an Inca archaeological site in Peru.
site
n. 장소
The goal of the project is to preserve an Inca archaeological site in Peru.
archaeological
a. 고고학적인
The goal of the project is to preserve an Inca archaeological site in Peru.
distant
a. 먼, 멀리 떨어져 있는
I was also nervous because I had never before traveled alone to such a distant place.
welcome
v. 맞이하다, 환영하다
In Cusco, the local staff welcomed me.
international
a. 국제적인
The director introduced me to the other international volunteers who arrived at the same time.
participate in
~ 에 참가하다
I decided to participate in the project since it would give me an opportunity to take part in a real archaeological dig.
construction
n. 건축물
Cusco is a beautiful city with old constructions.
recover
v. 회복하다
We stayed in Cusco for two days, recovering from the long hours of flight and adjusting to the high mountain area.
surrounding
a. 주위의, 인근의
We took advantage of the time to tour the city and to see something of the surrounding area.
historic
a. 역사적인, 역사적으로 중요한
We went to Pisac, a historic site located on a mountain slope of the Sacred Valley.
slope
n. 경사(면), (산)비탈
We went to Pisac, a historic site located on a mountain slope of the Sacred Valley.
sacred
a. 성스러운, 신성한
We went to Pisac, a historic site located on a mountain slope of the Sacred Valley.
valley
n. 계곡, 골짜기
We went to Pisac, a historic site located on a mountain slope of the Sacred Valley.
soak
v. 푹 담그다, 적시다
For dinner that evening we had ceviche, a dish of fish soaked in lime juice.
lime
n. 라임
For dinner that evening we had ceviche, a dish of fish soaked in lime juice.
sour
a. 신맛의
This sweet and sour local food was served with sweet potatoes and corn.
adjust to
~에 적응하다
We stayed in Cusco for two days, recovering from the long hours of flight and adjusting to the high mountain area.
take advantage of
~을 이용하다, ~을 기회로 활용하다
We took advantage of the time to tour the city and to see something of the surrounding area.
be crowded with
~로 가득차다
There was a town where the main square and market were crowded with local people.
path
n. 길
I imagined that we were in an Indiana Jones movie, making a path through the forest to find evidence of the ancient Inca civilization.
evidence
n. 증거
I imagined that we were in an Indiana Jones movie, making a path through the forest to find evidence of the ancient Inca civilization.
civilization
n. 문명
I was pleased that I had been part of such a worthy project as preserving the remains of the ancient Inca civilization.
weed
n. 잡초
We pulled out weeds and cut down trees that had grown to cover the site.
pottery
n. 도자기
While digging at the site, we found some pieces of ancient pottery.
store
v. 저장하다, 보관하다
He said it might have been the side of a pot that was used to store beans.
exhausted
a. 기진맥진한, 지친
By early afternoon, working in the heat and the thin air, I was exhausted.
remains
n. 유물, 유적, 잔해
I was pleased that I had been part of such a worthy project as preserving the remains of the ancient Inca civilization.
complete
v. 마치다, 끝내다
Having completed our volunteer work, we went by train to the nearby ruins of Machu Picchu.
ruin
n. 붕괴; (pl.) 유적
Having completed our volunteer work, we went by train to the nearby ruins of Machu Picchu.
amazed
a. 감탄한, 놀란
We were amazed by the outstanding building skills of the Inca civilization, which prospered more than five centuries ago.
prosper
v. 번성하다
We were amazed by the outstanding building skills of the Inca civilization, which prospered more than five centuries ago.
unforgettable
a. 잊지 못할, 잊을 수 없는
After my unforgettable days in Peru, I returned to my daily life at home.
blessing
n. 축복
Participation in the Inca Project was a blessing to me, allowing me to learn the importance of volunteering.
receive
v. 받다, 받아들이다
I received far more than I gave from the experience.
be thankful for
~에 대해 감사히 여기다
Although they didn’t have much, the children were happy and thankful for what they had.
stable
n. 축사, 마구간
Members of Richard’s family took turns guarding the cows in their stable at night.
attack
v. 공격하다
The lions entered the stable and attacked the cows anyway.
decrease
v. 감소하다, 줄어들다
In addition, the number of lions in Kenya is decreasing.
guard
v. 보호하다, 지키다
Members of Richard’s family took turns guarding the cows in their stable at night.
torch
n. 횃불, 손전등
Richard first set up a series of torches on the fence.
put up with
참다, 참고 견디다
Not just Richard’s family, but many of their neighbors were putting up with the same problem.
take turns
교대로 돌아가며 (~을) 하다
Members of Richard’s family took turns guarding the cows in their stable at night.
scarecrow
n. 허수아비
Next, Richard set up scarecrows.
flash
v. 번쩍이다, 비추다
Richard finally created a system of flashing LED lights, powered by an old car battery that was charged by a solar panel.
charge
v. 충전하다
Richard finally created a system of flashing LED lights, powered by an old car battery that was charged by a solar panel.
solar
a. 태양의
Richard finally created a system of flashing LED lights, powered by an old car battery that was charged by a solar panel.
panel
n. (전지)판
Richard finally created a system of flashing LED lights, powered by an old car battery that was charged by a solar panel.
practical
a. 유용한, 실용적인
This simple and practical device did no harm to lions.
device
n. 장치, 기구
This simple and practical device did no harm to lions.
cattle
n. 소
Human beings, cattle, and lions were finally able to make peace with one another.
make peace with
~와 화해하다
Human beings, cattle, and lions were finally able to make peace with one another.
sensor
n. 감지기
When his grandfather started to walk, the sensors sent signals to the paired smartphone, raising an alarm.
wander
v. 돌아다니다, 배회하다
When his grandfather got up and started to wander, Kenneth followed him to protect him from danger.
aimlessly
ad. 목적 없이
The old man had been found wandering aimlessly on the street.
spark
n. 번뜩임, 불꽃
One night, a spark of hope crossed his mind.
signal
n. 신호
Was it possible to send some kind of signal only to the person you wanted to wake up?
take away
빼앗다, 없애다
He had Alzheimer’s, a brain disease that slowly takes away a patient’s memory and ability to think.
look after
돌보다, 보살피다
Going to middle school, Kenneth often looked after his grandfather.
cross one's mind
생각나다, 생각이 떠오르다
One night, a spark of hope crossed his mind.
speed up
속도를 더 내다
Kenneth’s thinking started to speed up.
heel
n. 발꿈치
He finally came up with a system of socks with sensors in the heels and a smartphone working as a monitor.
monitor
n. 모니터, 화면
He finally came up with a system of socks with sensors in the heels and a smartphone working as a monitor.
comfortable
a. 편안한, 쾌적한
The sensors had to be thin enough to be comfortable on the bottom of a foot.
app(application)
n. 응용 프로그램
He studied programming to code an app that would transform a smartphone into a monitor.
transform
v. 변형시키다, 바꾸다
He studied programming to code an app that would transform a smartphone into a monitor.
eventually
ad. 결국, 마침내
The system he eventually created worked as it was supposed to.
pair
v. 둘씩 짝을 짓다
When his grandfather started to walk, the sensors sent signals to the paired smartphone, raising an alarm.
fair
n. 박람회, 전시회
Kenneth’s sensor socks were recognized at a science fair.
sustainable
a. 지속 가능한
Today, we have Mr. Doug Fine here to talk about a sustainable way of life.
consumption
n. 소비
He wanted to see if he could live with the least consumption of fossil fuel energy.
fossil
n. 화석
We get energy mainly from burning fossil fuels, but there are a couple of problems with that.
struggle
n. 분투
Let’s learn about his struggles to reduce his carbon emissions.
carbon
n. 탄소
When you burn fossil fuels, carbon gas is produced, which has a harmful effect on the climate.
emission
n. 배출, 배기가스
Eating locally is another way of reducing carbon emissions.
journalist
n. 저널리스트, 기자
My name is Doug Fine, and I am a journalist.
renewable
a. 재생 가능한
Fossil fuels are not renewable, which means that sooner or later we are going to run out of them.
effect
n. 영향
When you burn fossil fuels, carbon gas is produced, which has a harmful effect on the climate.
sooner or later
조만간, 머지않아
Fossil fuels are not renewable, which means that sooner or later we are going to run out of them.
run out of
~을 다 써 버리다
Fossil fuels are not renewable, which means that sooner or later we are going to run out of them.
enormous
a. 거대한, 막대한 Enormous ice sheets were melting away.
melt
v. 녹다
Enormous ice sheets were melting away.
electricity
n. 전기
If it were not for electricity and transportation, we would have to live like primitive people.
transportation
n. 수송 수단
If it were not for electricity and transportation, we would have to live like primitive people.
primitive
a. 원시의
If it were not for electricity and transportation, we would have to live like primitive people.
current
a. 현재의, 지금의
I wanted to set up a more sustainable system of providing for them, different from the current one that is so dependent upon fossil fuel energy.
benefit
n. 혜택, 이득
You wanted to enjoy all the benefits of the modern age, only with a lot less fossil fuels.
modern
a. 현대의
You wanted to enjoy all the benefits of the modern age, only with a lot less fossil fuels.
shine
v. 빛나다
The sun shines almost all year round there.
DIY(Do It Yourself)
n. 디아이와이, 소비자가 직접 하기
Now a large part of the electricity used on my farm is provided by my DIY solar system.
household
n. 가정
After going solar, my farm uses only one tenth of the fossil fuel energy used by the average American household.
brilliant
a. 훌륭한, 멋진
I came up with what I consider a brilliant idea – biofuel.
biofuel
n. 바이오 연료
I came up with what I consider a brilliant idea – biofuel.
diesel
n. 디젤
I bought a diesel truck and had it converted to run on vegetable oil.
convert
v. 개조하다, 변환하다
I bought a diesel truck and had it converted to run on vegetable oil.
inventor
n. 발명가
Rudolf Diesel, the inventor of diesel engines, actually intended for farmers to grow their own fuel.
trade
n. 직업
I'm not a farmer by trade.
progress
n. 발전, 진보
It’s been only a year, but I believe I’ve made significant progress.
aware
a. 의식하고 있는, 알고 있는
If we stay aware and keep trying, I’m certain that we can build a better future.
athlete
n. 운동선수
Every athlete tries to run faster, jump higher, or become stronger.
affect
v. 영향을 미치다
Technology affects how players are trained, how rules are enforced, how audiences enjoy the games, and how the public exercises.
enforce
v. (법을) 집행하다
Technology affects how players are trained, how rules are enforced, how audiences enjoy the games, and how the public exercises.
championship
n. 선수권 대회; 선수권, 우승
The Golden State Warriors won their last championship 40 years ago.
defense
n. 방어, 수비
The team's defense improved; their offense improved.
offense
n. 공격
The team's defense improved; their offense improved.
suit
n. (특정 활동을 위한) 옷
It was a new training suit that changed the team.
connect
v. 연결하다, 조립하다
The new suit was a smart suit that was connected to a mobile app.
suffer from
~로 고통을 받다
Most of all, fewer players suffered from injuries.
core
n. (칩의) 처리 장치
The suit comes in three parts: the top, the pants, and a plastic core.
exhaustion
n. (심한) 피로, 탈진
I can see the players’ exhaustion before injury occurs.
injury
n. 부상
I can see the players’ exhaustion before injury occurs.
settle
v. (분쟁을) 해결하다
Technology is also helping to settle possible disputes over referees’ calls during games.
dispute
n. 분쟁
Technology is also helping to settle possible disputes over referees’ calls during games.
referee
n. 심판
Technology is also helping to settle possible disputes over referees’ calls during games.
promote
v. 촉진하다
This trend was promoted when FIFA decided to adopt goal-line technology for the 2014 World Cup.
adopt
v. ~를 사용하기로 하다, 채택하다
This trend was promoted when FIFA decided to adopt goal-line technology for the 2015 World Cup.
absolute
a. 절대적인
Traditionally, FIFA allowed the referees absolute power on the administration of the game.
administration
n. 관리, 경영
Traditionally, FIFA allowed the referees absolute power on the administration of the game.
complaint
n. 불평
When a referee’s call was disputed, both players and audiences often brought complaints about this policy.
in real time
실시간으로
The app lets coaches see in real time which muscle groups are being used during practice.
employ
v. (기술, 방법 등을) 쓰다
A system using this technology employs as many as 14 cameras that capture a ball from various angles.
virtual
a. 가상의 Virtual reality is one of the most promising technologies in this area.
promising
a. 유망한
Virtual reality is one of the most promising technologies in this area.
gear
n. 장비
The station created virtual reality screens out of the videos and then sent them to the gear the fans were wearing.
install
v. 설치하다
Several 360-degree cameras installed on the field sent videos from various angles to a broadcasting station.
rule out
배제하다
The adoption of goal-line technology forever ruled out the possibility of disputes over goals.
broadcast
n. 방송 v. 방송하다
After the successful test of the virtual reality broadcast of the soccer game, the NBA decided to allow fans to watch live games using virtual reality on their smartphones.
release
v. 출시하다
As for a new way of working out, using virtual reality technology, an Italian company has recently released an innovative product.
innovative
a. 혁신적인
As for a new way of working out, using virtual reality technology, an Italian company has recently released an innovative product.
combine
v. 결합하다
It is an indoor bike combined with virtual reality.
mount
v. 올라타다
The rider mounts the bike, puts on the virtual reality gear, and starts riding.
empathy
n. 공감, 감정 이입 Empathy is the ability to understand other people’s thoughts and feelings and to act on the basis of that understanding.
crash
n. 충돌 사고
The firefighter was busy rescuing people at a crash scene when he saw an injured child.
condition
n. 상태
Other members of his family, in worse condition, had already been taken to the hospital.
comfort
v. 위로하다, 위안하다
He took a moment to think about what he could do to comfort the distressed child.
cheerful
a. 발랄한, 쾌활한
He took out his smartphone and played for the boy a cheerful animation.
medical
a. 의학의, 의료의
When the news media carried the story that the child’s family was struggling to pay their medical bills, donations came in from everywhere.
bill
n. 청구서, 계산서
When the news media carried the story that the child’s family was struggling to pay their medical bills, donations came in from everywhere.
donation
n. 기부(금)
When the news media carried the story that the child’s family was struggling to pay their medical bills, donations came in from everywhere.
calm down
진정하다, ~을 진정시키다
The dancing penguins on the small screen calmed the boy down.
neuroscience
n. 신경 과학
Modern neuroscience tells us that we are all born with empathy and exercise it all the time.
neuron
n. 뉴런, 신경 세포
When we observe other people, mirror neurons imitate their facial expressions and physical responses in our minds to create a virtual experience.
simulation
n. 가장하기, 흉내 내기, 모의실험
What they discovered was “mirror neurons” in our brain that run a simulation of other people’s experiences.
on the basis of
~을 기반으로, ~에 근거하여
Empathy is the ability to understand other people’s thoughts and feelings and to act on the basis of that understanding.
be capable of
~을 할 수 있다
Whoever has a healthy mind is capable of reading other people’s minds.
sight
n. 시각, 시력
The discovery of mirror neurons proved that empathy is a natural human sense, like sight or hearing.
beg
v. 구걸하다, 간청하다
When we see someone begging on the street, we may consider what it is like to sleep out on a cold winter night and leave some money for them.
absorbed
a. ~에 몰두한, ~에 빠져 있는
When we are too stressed out or too absorbed in ourselves to look out for others, our empathy goes to sleep.
selfishly
ad. 이기적으로
When we believe that life is a series of competitions in order to survive, we put empathy on hold and behave selfishly.
stressed out
스트레스로 지친, 스트레스가 쌓인
When we are too stressed out or too absorbed in ourselves to look out for others, our empathy goes to sleep.
put ~ on hold
~을 보류하다, ~을 연기하다
When we believe that life is a series of competitions in order to survive, we put empathy on hold and behave selfishly.
mimic
v. 흉내 내다
When we see our friends laughing, our mirror neurons fire up and mimic their laughter in our minds, making us happy.
laughter
n. 웃음 (소리)
When we see our friends laughing, our mirror neurons fire up and mimic their laughter in our minds, making us happy.
fire up
작동하다
When we see our friends laughing, our mirror neurons fire up and mimic their laughter in our minds, making us happy.
be aware of
~을 알다, 인식하다
We need to be aware of the power of empathy and make efforts to put it to good use.
put ~ to good use
~을 잘 활용하다
We need to be aware of the power of empathy and make efforts to put it to good use.
pay attention to
~에 주의를 기울이다
Use them to pay more attention to what people around you are thinking and feeling.
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