4000 Essential English Words 2e 6 (2nd Edition) 영영 Unit 26,27,28,29,30

secrecy

n. the behavior of keeping things secret
The secrecy of the big organization made the government nervous.

trance

n. a state where people seem asleep and have no control of themselves
The woman’s powerful eyes often put men in a trance.

charter

n. a document that describes the rights of an organization or group
The company charter explained that all employees had to pay a tax.

limp

v. to walk with difficulty because someone's leg or foot is hurt
After the injury, the player limped off of the field.

tackle

v. to deal with it in a determined and efficient way
Such social problems need to be tackled right away.

censor

v. to remove it if it is dangerous, rude, or rebellious
To protect innocent people, the location of the bomb was censored.

disseminate

v. to distribute it
The organization disseminates information about the dangers of smoking.

infamous

adj. well known for something bad.
That news channel is infamous for presenting biased information.

poll

n. a survey in which people give their opinions about important things
The poll showed that many people support the plan to stop gang violence.

cosmopolitan

adj. full of people from many different places.
There are dozens of different types of restaurants in a cosmopolitan city.

remorse

n. a strong feeling of sadness and regret
When I realized what I had done, I felt remorse for my actions.

amend

v. to change it to improve or make it accurate
The countries were in agreement that the treaty needed to be amended.

constitution

n. a document of principles for a government.
The country’s constitution said a prime minister could only serve three terms.

outburst

n. a sudden, strong expression of an emotion
There was an outburst of cheers when the comedian took the stage.

pathological

adj. extreme, unacceptable, and sometimes a symptom of disease
The pathological liar could not even tell the truth about unimportant matters.

phenomenal

adj. unusually great
The child’s ability to play the piano is nothing short of phenomenal.

abolish

v. to put an end to it, such as a system or law
President Lincoln abolished slavery in the US.

aspire

v. to have a strong desire to achieve or do something
George aspired to be a doctor from a young age.

flatter

v. to praise them in an effort to please them.
He was just flattering me when he said that my new dress looked gorgeous.

lame

adj. cannot walk properly due to an injury to the leg or foot
The terrible accident left many people dead and several others lame.

ethnic

adj. related to a group with a similar culture
Many sections of the city are home to different ethnic communities.

exclude

v. to not accept them into a group
Carol was excluded from the contest because her friend was a judge.

monolingual

adj. speak only one language
In today’s global economy, being monolingual limits your opportunities.

linguistic

adj. concerned with language
A linguistic way of studying culture focuses on words within that culture.

solidarity

n. a union formed from common responsibilities or interests
All the citizens came together in a show of solidarity to create change.

tact

n. the ability to avoid offending people when dealing with problems
Since both sides would not agree, it required someone with tact to make peace.

inclusive

adj. open to all groups and people in society
A more inclusive event would have allowed children to attend.

solemn

adj. If something is solemn, then it is serious and honest.
The professor preferred a solemn relationship between him and his students.

fluent

adj. able to speak it very well
She was so fluent in German that you’d have thought she was from Germany.

prosecute

v. to take legal action against them
They were prosecuted for fishing in the river without a permit.

earnest

adj. honest
The child was very earnest when she told her mother how she broke the dish.

patriot

n. someone who loves, supports, and defends their country
Every year, young patriots join their countries’ militaries.

coward

n. a person who lacks courage to do risky or dangerous things
A firefighter cannot be a coward. They have to be able to act quickly.

firsthand

adj. from an original source
If you want firsthand knowledge, ask someone who saw it.

legislature

n. the section of a government that makes laws
The senator had served ten years in the national legislature.

delete

v. to remove or erase written material
Several lines had been deleted from her speech.

undermine

v. to betray them or weaken their efforts or authority
The documents helped to undermine the workers’ trust in their bosses’ honesty.

racial

adj. related to a race or races
The differences between racial groups are physical characteristics and culture.

nationality

n. an identity based on the nation from which you come
His nationality is German, but he speaks French, Spanish, and Korean.

imperial

adj. related to an empire
These old imperial coins were once used in the Roman Empire.

prod

n. to push someone or something with a finger or pointed object
The bully prodded me in the chest with her finger.

moist

adj. slightly wet
The ground is still moist from the rain last night.

emulate

v. to imitate them because they are greatly admired
As a small boy, he always tried to emulate his big brother.

janitor

n. a person who makes repairs and takes care of a building
The school janitor cleaned up the messy cafeteria.

tolerant

adj. a place where actors or musicians act or sing
The tolerant leader thought that everyone was equal regardless of race.

restrain

v. to use physical strength to stop them
Mike restrained Allen from reaching the door.

inherent

adj. a natural part of something else
Sweating is an inherent bodily function when exercising.

intimidate

v. to frighten others
My dad intimidates my friends whenever they visit.

stunt

n. respectful of others' rights and beliefs
The man jumped over the cars as a promotional stunt.

constrain

v. to limit its development
Jim cannot join us because he is constrained by previous plans.

vampire

n. a fictional monster that sleeps in a coffin and sucks people's blood
The vampire snuck up on the woman and bit her neck.

depot

n. a bus or train station
He waited for his mother to arrive at the depot.

forefinger

n. the finger between one's thumb and middle finger
He shouted, “There it is!” and pointed with his forefinger.

nope

adv. an informal way of saying "no."
He asked if I had any money, and I had to say, “Nope.”

yawn

v. to open the mouth somewhat involuntarily with a prolonged, deep inhalation and sighing or heavy exhalation, as from drowsiness or boredom.
The bear let out a big yawn, showing that he was tired.

spit

n. to force liquid from one's mouth
He emerged from the pool and spit water from his mouth.

saliva

n. the watery liquid in people's mouths that helps in digestion
The baby could not keep the saliva from dripping out of its mouth.

guts

n. all the organs inside a person or animal
The doctor can tell you every process that happens in one’s guts.

ransom

n. a sum of money paid to a kidnapper to set the person free
He kidnapped the prince and demanded $1 million as a ransom.

sprint

n. to run very fast over a short distance
The kids didn’t want to be late to class, so they sprinted to the bus stop.

turf

n. a section of grass and the dirt in which it grows
After the game, the turf looked ragged.

hectare

n. a unit of measure equal to 10,000 square meters
His family farm covered many hectares.

mansion

n. a large and expensive home
The mansion had thirty bedrooms, two kitchens, and a pool.

assemble

v. to get together in one place.
The parents assembled to discuss ways to improve their children’s education.

erect

v. to build it
The king erected two towers on the north and south sides of his castle.

heighten

v. to increase the intensity of it
The pleasant music heightened their enjoyment of the wonderful dinner.

hospitality

n. friendly behavior and entertainment, shown to guests or strangers
The travelers were amazed at the hospitality given them by the hotel’s staff.

foul

adj. very unpleasant
He wouldn’t let his dog drink from the water because it had a foul smell.

revise

v. to change it, or update it to make it better
When the editor discovered certain facts were wrong, he revised the book.

overjoyed

adj. extremely happy
He was overjoyed by the news of his promotion.

arch

n. a curved opening formed under a structure such as a bridge or doorway.
The arch of the bridge was not high enough for the tall boat to pass underneath.

pasture

n. an area of land covered with grass for animals to use as food
The sheep were taken to a pasture where there was more grass.

outnumber

v. to have a greater number than it
The girls outnumbered the boys at the school by four to one.

terrace

n. an open area that is connected to a house or an apartment
In the afternoons, she liked to sit on the terrace and check her email.

renovate

v. to build new structures on it
The old fire station was renovated into an apartment building.

allege

v. to say that it is true without offering proof
The little girl had alleged that her older brother hid her favorite doll.

casualty

n. a person killed or injured in a war or an accident.
The only casualty in the car accident was a woman who broke her arm.

petition

n. a written request asking an authority to do something
The citizens all signed a petition asking the mayor to repair the sidewalks.

slab

n. a large, thick, flat piece of stone, concrete, metal, or wood
I looked at various slabs of stone to decorate my house.

adjoining

adj. next to or joined with a building or room
I couldn’t sleep because the people in the adjoining room were loud.

paradox

n. a true statement or real event that seems illogical.
The paradox of her work was that the less she worked, the more she got done.

outweigh

v. to exceed it in value, amount, or importance
Finding a warm place to sleep outweighed the need to find something to eat.

depict

v. to show or portray it
The statue’s face depicted the general’s determination and courage.

analogous

adj. like it in certain ways
The relationship with his teacher was analogous to that of a son and mother.

tilt

v. to tip it into a sloping position
She tilted her glass and almost spilled some of the wine inside.

fulfill

v. to achieve or finish it.
The professor did not fulfill his promise not to miss a single class.

pier

n. a structure that extends into a body of water.
If you want to catch bigger fish, then go to the far end of the pier.

grove

n. a small group of trees
All the trees in this grove are apple trees.

ore

n. the raw form of rock or material from which a valuable metal is taken
The factory melted the ore and used it to make iron products.

vice versa

adv. its two main ideas are switched with one another
Students learn from their teachers, and vice versa.

binoculars

n. a device used for seeing things that are far away
He could see the ship on the horizon only if he used his binoculars.

bulk

n. its size
The large elephant moved its bulk with legs as strong as tree trunks.

comprise

v. to consists of or is made up of it
Our school’s football team is mostly comprised with seniors.

dual

adj. two parts
The room had a dual function. It was a living room, but at night it was a bedroom.

whereabouts

n. the place where they are
The police looked for the lost dog, but its whereabouts were still unknown.

Fahrenheit

n. a temperature scale where water freezes at 32° and boils at 212°.
When the temperature dropped to 32° Fahrenheit, it started snowing.

outback

n. the wild inland region of Australia where very few people live
Many Australian farmers use the outback to raise cattle.

thermometer

n. a device that measures temperature
The thermometer outside the window indicated that it was a hot day today.

shortcut

n. a route that is shorter than the main route.
We got to the house early because we took a shortcut through the forest.

tariff

n. a tax or fee paid on certain imports or exports
Our tariff on imported wool makes foreign wool more expensive.