4000 Essential English Words 2e 6 (2nd Edition) 영영 Unit 1,2,3,4,5

boxed

adj. inside a package
Justine brought a boxed gift to the birthday party.

ecologically

adv. something is done in a way that concerns living organisms and the environment
We planted our garden according to ecologically correct practices.

discard

v. to throw it away
After repairing the window, discard any broken glass.

fatal

adj. results in someone's death
Being shot by the attacker proved fatal to the victim.

pond

n. a freshwater body that is smaller than a lake
I learned to swim at the pond behind the recreation center.

recycle

n. use its parts to make something else
We recycle our newspapers so that they can be made into packing boxes.

alternate

adj. a different option
Taking the bus and driving to work are alternate ways to travel.

adverse

adj. can be harmful, dangerous, or unfavorable
I worry that the tornado will have an adverse effect on the farm.

utilize

v. to use it for a specific purpose
The team can utilize the lab equipment to complete the experiment.

choke

v. stops you from breathing
The gum Malinda swallowed made her choke.

dolphin

n. a large sea mammal that breathes air
Intelligent dolphins have learned to communicate with humans.

overuse

n. when something is utilized too many times
Rochelle’s overuse of the exercise bike caused the gears to break.

incidence

n. the number of times something happens
We need to increase the incidence of success in school.

municipal

adj. something belongs to a city or local government
The municipal parking lot downtown can fit one hundred cars.

tragic

adj. causes sadness because it might involve death or suffering
The entire community attended the memorial service for the victims of the tragic fire.

biodegradable

adj. break down naturally into substances that do not harm the environment
I use biodegradable compost to feed my garden.

stuffed

adj. pushed into a small space
The newspapers were all stuffed into the drawer.

convenient

adj. saves you time or effort
Walking through the park is a convenient way to exercise on the way to work.

reusable

adj. can be utilized over and over again
Saburo keeps his empty jelly jars because they are reusable for storing sewing supplies.

whale

n. a very large mammal that lives in the ocean
We were surprised when a whale surfaced next to our boat.

concession

n. something that one person gives up to another
China gave Hong Kong to Britain as a concession after the war.

enrich

v. to make someone rich or increase their wealth
Taxes on people’s income can be used to enrich the government.

geometry

n. the study of shapes and how to measure them
If you want to be able to calculate the area of a circle, you must study geometry.

gleam

n. to sparkle and shine
The waves of the ocean would gleam every night at sunset.

parade

n. a series of things or people that come or are shown one after another
This parade of elephants is part of an open-air exhibit to honor these majestic animals.

ambiguous

adj. not entirely clear
It’s ambiguous as to whether a newborn baby looks like a girl or a boy.

decay

n. the result of something slowly being broken down or destroyed naturally
The decay in the old building was obvious.

jurisdiction

n. the power or right to make judgments about the law and how it is upheld
We did not have jurisdiction to bring the criminal to trial.

attain

v. to succeed at something
If you want to attain a healthy body, you must exercise every day.

statue

n. a three-dimensional work of art, usually made of clay, marble, or metal
The Venus de Milo is a famous ancient Greek statue.

dwell

v. to live there
Before he was a successful writer, Mark Twain dwelled in the city of Hannibal, Missouri.

flourish

v. to do very well
The Roman Empire flourished in Europe two thousand years ago.

indigenous

adj. something or someone exists naturally in an environment or area
The Pueblo people were an indigenous tribe in Arizona who lived in adobe homes.

amateur

n. a person who does something for fun and isn't paid for it
The amateur took pictures just as well as the person who worked for money.

autonomy

n. freedom or independence
In the 1800s, the people of India fought for autonomy from Britain.

anonymous

adj. no one knows who he or she is
An anonymous donor gave a thousand dollars to the museum.

enlighten

v. to teach them about something
Greek philosophers wanted to enlighten the people of Athens with their ideas.

greed

n. wanting to have more of something than you need or should have
The story of King Midas is a story of greed.

virgin

n. someone who has never had sex
The virgin goddess of the moon was known as Diana.

harmony

n. a feeling that everything is peaceful, balanced, and in agreement
The United Nations is struggling to bring peace and harmony to the world.

bicycle

n. a two-wheeled vehicle powered by pedaling
I rode my bicycle down the mountain road.

configure

v. to set it up and arrange it
The engineer helped to configure my new computer.

consolidate

v. to join or bring together into one thing
When we moved in together, we had to consolidate our belongings.

convenience

n. to do something easily
I love the convenience of having a swimming pool in my back yard.

evenly

adv. divided equally into amounts, numbers, or values
Sprinkle the sugar evenly all over the cookies.

ideological

adj. based on a system of beliefs or ideals
The citizens of England had ideological differenes about its government.

abnormal

adj. different from normal or average
I felt abnormal this morning, like I was sick.

deduct

v. to subtract something
I had to deduct my expenses from my checkbook.

deem

v. to consider something
I deemed the ice cream to be very delicious.

broker

v. to arrange or negotiate the details of something for others
The lawyer will broker our agreement.

robot

n. a machine that can do the work of a person
I bought a robot that can clean the floor on its own.

adjacent

adj. next to or adjoining something else.
My apartment is adjacent to a lovely park and playground.

franchise

n. the right to sell another company's products or services in a particular area
The fast food restaurant has a franchise near my home.

entrepreneur

n. someone who starts a new business or organization in order to make money
The entrepreneur made a success out of his new business.

aluminum

n. a chemical element that is a light silver-coloured metal
I used the aluminum foil to wrap the food.

applicable

adj. relevant to them
I discovered that my old password was no longer applicable to the website.

fiscal

adj. related to money or finances, especially that of a government or business
Did the company show fiscal growth this year?

artificial

adj. at any time
The artificial Christmas tree was made of plastic.

bureaucracy

n. a group of people who work together to help manage a large business or run a country
The members of the bureaucracy were flooded by too many petitions.

absent

adj. missing or not in the place they are expected to be
I was absent from school yesterday because I went on a trip with my father.

arid

adj. it is hot and dry and gets very little or no rain
Not many plants grow in the arid desert.

fast

n. to go without food or drink for a period of time.
In her religion, they fast for five days and then have a big feast.

rugged

adj. rocky and difficult to travel through
Their car couldn’t make it far along the rugged roads.

oath

n. An oath is a formal, often public, promise.
Judges must take an oath to be fair to everyone in court.

ample

adj. it is enough or more than enough
There was an ample supply of oats to feed the horses.

adjoin

v. be next to or attached to something else
She can listen to her brother’s conversations because her room adjoins his.

cathedral

n. an important, and often large and beautifully-built, church
The large cathedral is full of people on Sunday mornings.

scarce

adj. a very small amount of it
When gasoline was scarce, we rode our bike to school instead of driving.

deprive

v. to not let them have it
Because the child was bad, she was deprived of her dessert after dinner.

abbey

n. a house, or group of houses, where monks or nuns live
When the monk returned to the abbey, he went immediately to his bedroom.

crisis

n. a difficult time when things are going to either get worse or better
The crisis was over and things returned to normal.

drought

n. a long period of time in which little or no rain falls
After three months of drought, the vegetation and trees started dying.

moisture

n. small drops of water in the air or on a surface
If you breathe on a window, moisture from your breath collects on the glass.

abundant

adj. it is available in large quantities
Cakes, cookies, and candy were so abundant that the child was very happy.

speculate

v. to guess about something
My sister looked at the sky and speculated that it would rain tomorrow.

eligible

adj. permitted to do or have something
Only people who bought tickets were eligible to win a prize.

inland

adv. into the center of a country or land
The river curved inland near the campground.

nonetheless

adv. occurs despite some other thing.
She tried to keep the dog out of the mud, but it got dirty nonetheless.

prairie

n. to move back and forth or up and down quickly
The prairie was perfect for a farm because there were hills and trees.

Celsius

n. a scale for measuring temperature.
Water freezes at zero degrees Celsius.

companion

n. someone spends a lot of time with.
I always walk to school with my companion Frank.

ecology

n. the study of the environment and living things
We study ecology to learn how to help improve the Earth.

feat

n. an impressive or difficult achievement or action
The elephant’s standing up on one leg was a feat.

infinite

adj. no limit or end
Many scientists believe that the universe is infinite.

coarse

adj. a rough texture.
The coarse sweater made my skin itch.

bizarre

adj. very strange
My bizarre dreams make no sense to me when I am awake.

duration

n. time during which it happens.
The girls watched television for the duration of the evening.

aquatic

adj. lives or grows in water
The dolphin is an aquatic mammal.

digest

v. swallow food and pass it through the body.
Allow some time for food to be digested before going swimming.

parasite

n. a tiny animal or plant that attaches to another animal to get food
The sick dog was covered in parasites.

vulnerable

adj. weak and without protection
He felt very vulnerable when he was stranded in the desert.

repetitive

adj. repeated many times and becomes boring
Working on an assembly line making cars every day is a repetitive job.

reproductive

adj. a living thing which can produce young
The reproductive system of a plant is simple.

nucleus

n. the central part of an atom or cell
The nucleus is made up of many tiny particles.

undergo

v. to have it happen to you
The cancer patient undergoes treatments twice a week.

prominent

adj. important and well known
Queen Victoria was a prominent person in history.

tolerance

n. the ability to accept something unfavorable
Boxers have a high tolerance for pain.

temperate

adj. never gets too hot or cold
In Peru, the weather is temperate and rarely gets too hot or cold.

biosphere

n. the regions of the surface and atmosphere of the Earth where living organisms exist
Birds, trees, and worms all thrive in the biosphere.