4000 Essential English Words 2e 5 (2nd Edition) 영영 Unit 19,20,21

chapter

n. a part of a book that usually has a number or a title
The first chapter of a book usually introduces the main character of a story.

pea

n. a vegetable that is small, round, and green
His favorite food was peas.

state

n. to say something in a definite way
The president stated his opinion about the world’s health concerns.

vivid

adj. bright and colorful
The figures in the painting were vivid.

connect

v. to join two things together
I connected the mouse to my laptop computer.

unfortunate

adj. bad or unlucky
It was unfortunate that Dave’s team lost, but he still had fun.

afflicted

adj. to suffer physically or mentally
He was afflicted by pain in his right arm.

cargo

n. the items carried by a ship or an airplane
The cargo of the ship got wet when it started raining.

retain

v. to keep something
Even by the afternoon, the day had retained the morning’s freshness.

atmosphere

n. the air around the Earth where weather conditions form
Scientists worry that harmful substances are hurting the atmosphere.

idle

adj. not doing anything
She read a book to keep from being idle.

raisin

n. a dried grape
Raisins are one of my favorite snacks.

notify

v. to tell someone about something
The teacher notified us about a change to our assignment.

etc.

adv. the short for "etcetera"
She was going to bring treats to the party: cookies, muffins, cake, etc.

aisle

n. a space between two things that people use to walk
They were told to clear the aisle because the plane was about to land.

flip

v. to press a switch quickly to turn it on or off
To turn on the lights, just flip this switch.

vomit

v. to have food come up from one's stomach
It is common for women to vomit when they are pregnant.

breakdown

n. a failure to work correctly
Her car had a breakdown, and she wasn’t sure how to fix it.

author

n. a person who wrote a certain piece of writing
The author was hard at work on his next novel.

tray

n. a flat plate used to hold food
The waiter brought our food on a tray.

impatient

adj. to get angry or anxious when something takes too much time
The impatient teacher could not control the students in her classroom.

calendar

n. a chart that shows the days, weeks, and months of a year
Marco used an online calendar to keep track of his schedule.

cave

n. an open space or hole underground or inside a mountain or cliff
A crystal blue lake could be found in the underground cave.

fond

adj. to cherish or like something
The mother cow was very fond of her lovely little calf.

optimist

n. someone who has a lot of hope and always sees the bright side of things
Joe was an optimist, so he believed he would get the job that he wanted.

flank

v. to be positioned at the side of something or someone
The mayor entered the room flanked by her advisers.

deadline

n. the time by which you need to have something completed
Marius had a short deadline in which to finish his report.

exert

v. to use strength or ability to do something
You exert a lot of energy when you lift weights.

contingent

n. a set of people that are part of a larger group
The movie star stood in front of an entire contingent of photographers.

constantly

adv. doing something on a continuous basis
He was constantly checking his watch to see if he was late.

calorie

n. a unit of heat used to measure how much energy a food will produce
My sister is on a low-calorie diet for fitness training.

mid

adj. in the middle or center of something
Cassandra fell asleep mid-movie.

ankle

n. a part connecting your leg to your foot
The man hurt his ankle while jogging in the park.

impair

v. to make something weaker or worse
Regularly eating too much can impair your health.

cabin

n. a small wooden house in a forest or camping area
The man reached the mountain cabin after a long day of hiking along the river.

forbid

v. to order someone not to do something
After Robert used his crayons on the wall, his mother wanted to forbid him from using them at all!

ambition

n. the desire to succeed and to become the best at something
His great ambition led him to try to climb the mountain alone.

haul

v. to carry something from place to place
The porter said he’d haul our suitcases up to our hotel room.

ambulance

n. a vehicle that transports people in a medical emergency
The ambulance sped through the street to get to the accident.

nutrition

n. the process of eating the right kind of food in order to stay healthy
The mother always made sure that her baby had good nutrition.

relate

v. to have a connection with something
A company’s plan usually relates to how much profit it can make.

bait

n. something used to trick a person or thing to do something
The best bait for catching fish is a big, fat worm.

copper

n. a red-brown metal often used in electric wire and pipes
Ancient hunters melted copper to make knives and spears.

myth

n. a traditional story that explains a culture's history and beliefs
In Greece, there was a myth about a woman who had snakes for hair.

disease

n. an illness that causes specific problems
He had a disease that caused him to lose his hearing.

venom

n. a poisonous substance that comes from animals or plants
A snake’s venom can be used to cure the illnesses it creates.

itch

n. to have an unpleasant feeling that you want to scratch
The rough fabric in his shirt made his neck itch.

religion

n. a belief in a god or gods
Their religion taught that people should forgive their enemies.

background

n. a person's education, family, and experience
The new teacher had a background in science and math.

infect

v. to give someone an illness
The common cold infects hundreds of millions of people each year.

millennium

n. 1000 years
Stonehenge is believed to have been built about five millennia ago.

promote

v. to raise someone to a higher position or rank
After two years at the company, she was promoted to manager.

teller

n. a person who works with a bank's customers
The teller at the bank helped Kelly put money into a savings account.

trustworthy

adj. honest and truthful
Mary is one of the most trustworthy people I’ve ever met.

update

v. to make something more modern.
We need to update the programs on our computers.

vein

n. a tube in the body that carries blood toward the heart
The blue veins in my hand are just under my skin.

folklore

n. the collection of beliefs and stories of a culture
India’s folklore has stories about great warriors written in long poems.

sum

n. a specific amount of money
He calculated the numbers to see what the sum of his bills would be.

literature

n. books, plays, and poetry
Early American literature covers the poetry and stories from 1500 to 1800.

chronicle

v. to record an event
The daily newspaper chronicles local and world events.