4000 Essential English Words 2e 4 (2nd Edition) 영영 Unit 25,26,27

certify

n. to confirm that its results are true
The photograph on her passport certified that she was indeed Jolene Sawyer.

curb

n. to prevent it from happening or increasing
She curbed her anger by listening to a relaxing song.

vow

v. to make a promise to do something
Before they are allowed to work, all senators must vow to never accept bribes.

enact

v. to make it into a law
The council enacted a law that would only allow buses to drive downtown.

gross

adj. disgusting
The food was so gross that the dog couldn’t eat it without feeling sick.

needy

adj. very poor
After he lost his job, he became very needy.

coherent

adj. sticking together
This was a coherent program for solving the flooding problem.

smallpox

n. a disease that causes tiny bumps on the skin and high fevers
When she saw the tiny bumps, she thought her son might have smallpox.

transmit

v. to pass it from one person or place to another
The radio tower transmits a signal to all the radios in a 20-kilometer radius.

diagnose

v. to identify the medical condition they have
Several of the children were diagnosed with the flu.

render

v. to make it become something else
His report was rendered unimportant by the release of new information.

collaborate

v. to work together on something
When they collaborated, they managed to finish their chores early.

federation

n. a group of states or businesses working for a common cause
The United Nations is a federation designed to prevent war, disease, and famine.

onset

n. something unpleasant is the beginning of it
At the onset of the battle, the enemy wasn’t prepared for such a large attack.

pledge

n. to make a promise to do something
Her mother pledged that she would find her daughter’s lost kitten.

prohibit

v. to not allow it
She prohibited the students from speaking until their work was done.

transform

v. to change it in a very significant way
The education system has been completely transformed.

humane

adj. good and kind
Helping build homes for poor people is very humane.

compile

v. to collect a variety of them into a group
She compiled a list of people who she wanted to attend her birthday party.

widespread

adj. spread widely across the world
It is a widespread belief that colds are caused by cold weather.

voluntary

adj. it is done by choice but is not required
Many people attended the voluntary boat safety class.

intestines

n. tubes through which food passes after it leaves the stomach
Whatever you eat goes into your intestines.

epidemic

n. an outbreak of a disease that spreads quickly
It was difficult to stop the flu epidemic.

administer

v. to take responsibility for organizing something
The teacher’s assistant will administer the test.

viable

adj. it is capable of doing what it is intended to do
Her method of solving the math problem seemed viable.

imperative

adj. extremely important and must be done
It was imperative for him to find a job.

emphasis

n. you give special attention to prevention
The government placed a strong emphasis on educational reform.

overcrowded

adj. it has too many people or things in it
The lobby was overcrowded with people.

hazard

n. something that could be dangerous to a person's health or safety
Smoking cigarettes poses many health hazards.

provision

n. the act of giving it to people in need or want
That department is responsible for the provision of emergency supplies.

reverse

v. to go backwards
We reversed out of the parking place and then drove away.

deficiency

n. a lack of something, especially something that is needed
Your snack has a deficiency of any real nutrients.

manifest

v. to make something visible or obvious
The joy of the holiday season manifested as bright smiles on the faces of the children.

sterile

adj. completely clean and free from germs
The hospital room looked quite sterile.

compassionate

adj. feel pity and sympathy for others
The compassionate nurse tried to make the sick man feel comfortable.

replenish

v. to make it full or complete again
We planted nearly one hundred seeds to replenish the garden after the fire.

contaminate

v. to put dirty or harmful chemicals into it
The lake was contaminated when pollutants entered the water.

practitioner

n. a doctor
She made an appointment with the practitioner to treat her cough.

upgrade

v. to improve it or make it more efficient.
He upgraded to a real fancy car.

adhere

v. to act in the way that a rule or agreement says is right
If the new employees wish to succeed, they must adhere to the boss’s rules.

Almighty

n. a name for a god in a religion
Before eating, they thanked the Almighty for their food.

ideology

n. a system of belief
Within the teachers’ ideology, there was a belief in the value of parent participation.

personalize

v. to design it to meet a person's unique needs
He personalized the woman’s exercises to give her a better workout.

seizure

n. a sudden condition in which the body loses control and shakes
Bright flashing lights can cause seizures in children.

airway

n. the passage by which air reaches a person's lungs
Since he was sick, mucus would occasionally get stuck in his airway.

found

v. to base it on that idea
This is founded on the belief that all people are created equal.

psychiatric

adj. then it is related to mental illness or its treatment
The doctor said the patient might have a psychiatric problem.

reflex

n. an unconscious action in which a body part responds to an event
There was a reflex when the doctor hit his knee with a rubber hammer.

utensil

n. a common tool or container
It seemed that a fork was the wrong utensil for trying to eat the soup.

inhale

v. to take air or a smell into the lungs
The camper inhaled the cool and fresh mountain air and felt relaxed.

invoke

v. to mention it to support an argument or ask for help
Before going into battle, the soldier invoked the name of his god for protection.

advent

n. the arrival or beginning of an important person, thing, or event
During the advent of radio, very few programs actually played music.

equate

v. to compare them and consider them very similar
She equated the man’s messy appearance with a lack of responsibility.

novelty

n. something that is new, original, or strange
Ice cream was a novelty for him since he rarely had any.

session

n. a meeting at a regular time in order to discuss and solve an issue
Every three months, the managers met in a session to discuss regional sales.

cycle

n. a series of events that go in a circle from the end back to the beginning again
They were caught in a cycle of poverty, lack of education, and unemployment.

definitive

adj. the most official
This library has the definitive collection of books on ancient Egypt.

lunar

adj. it is related to the moon
During a lunar eclipse, Earth’s shadow darkens the moon’s surface.

outmoded

adj. then it is no longer in fashion or use
Black and white television sets are outmoded.

psychiatry

n. the study and treatment of mental illness
Studying psychiatry has taught me a lot about mental illness.