4000 Essential English Words 2e 3 (2nd Edition) 영영 Unit 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10

royal

adj. related to a king or queen
The Duchess was part of the royal family.

chamber

n. a closed space or room used for a special purpose
The meeting was held in the faculty chamber.

distinct

adj. different or stands out
He has a distinct accent.

lion

n. a large animal in the cat family
We went to see the lion at the zoo.

corridor

n. a narrow passage
He took the corridor on the left to go to his office.

core

n. the main or central part of something
Earth has a solid inner core.

sole

adj. the only one
She was the sole woman in the room.

channel

n. a long, deep space between two edges
The river cut a channel through the rocks.

glory

n. the importance, magnificence, or specialness of something
They enjoyed the glory of the beautiful sunset.

acre

n. a unit for measuring area
They lived on a 150-acre farm.

interior

n. the inside of something
They looked at the interior of the box.

role

n. a job, position, or part in something
Her role in the office is to sell products to customers.

afterlife

n. a life that begins when a person dies
I believe that there is an afterlife.

found

v. to start, organize, or establish that thing
My grandfather founded the City Bank.

engineer

n. to skillfully plan out how to make that thing
After engineering the robot, they needed to find the correct parts to build it.

archaeology

n. the study of the remains left by ancient societies
He enjoyed visiting the Great Pyramids of Egypt because he loves archaeology.

gap

n. a space between two things
There is a small gap between the blocks of wood.

stairs

n. a set of steps built to go from one level of a building to another
He took the stairs instead of the elevator.

surface

n. the top layer of something
She wiped the surface of the table.

elite

adj. a high-level group
Only an elite group was allowed membership into the club.

forge

v. to make or produce, especially with difficulty
Stacy and Heather forged their friendship when they were teenagers.

humble

adj. People who are humble do not believe that they are better than other people
Even though Bob is the smartest boy in his class, he is humble.

blacksmith

n. a person who makes things out of metal
The blacksmith pounded the piece of metal until it was flat.

encounter

v. to find or meet a person or thing
I encountered a sea turtle while I was swimming.

province

n. an area that is controlled by a country
Canada is divided into several different provinces.

satisfaction

n. the feeling of having done or received something good
Brad was filled with satisfaction when he saw what was for dinner.

arise

n. to arise is to happen
Difficulties arose with his computer because it was old.

chimney

n. a tall pipe used to carry smoke out of a building
The cat was sitting on the roof next to the chimney.

iron

n. a strong metal that is used to make many objects
The horse had shoes made of iron.

sustain

v. to keep it going
Wind power is a clean way to sustain a city with energy.

exceed

v. to be more than something
Since I exceeded my limit, I decided to get rid of my credit cards.

agreement

n. a formal decision about future action
I think you’ll get Tom’s agreement to this proposal.

benefactor

n. a person who gives money to help someone
The student’s benefactor gave him money to spend on his studies.

compensate

n. to pay someone for the time they spent doing something
Her boss compensated her for the extra work she did last week.

penny

n. a coin worth one cent
US President Abraham Lincoln is on the penny.

occupy

n. to live, work, or be there
Kevin and Alice occupied the chairs and had a long discussion.

ladder

n. an object that is used to climb up and down
He used a ladder to climb to the top of his tree house.

modest

adj. If people are modest, they do not think that they are too important
Derek is very modest for someone who is so rich.

prosper

n. to be successful or make a lot of money
Frank’s new business finally prospered after many years of hard work.

preach

v. to talk about and promote a religious idea
Aaron often preached about living an honest life.

ridiculous

adj. silly or strange
Steve looked ridiculous with those huge blue sunglasses.

venture

v. to go to a place that may be dangerous
Even though it was dangerous, they ventured up the mountain.

acquire

v. to get or gain possession of that thing
Tina acquired a strange package yesterday.

lodge

n. a house in the mountains used by people who hunt or fish
During our ski trip, we stayed at a lodge.

discourage

v. to make someone feel less excited about something
Mr. Perry discouraged the students from quitting school.

inferior

adj. not as good as something else
Cars built a hundred years ago are inferior to ones built today.

wheat

n. a plant from which we get the grain used to make bread
The field of golden wheat was ready to be harvested.

fake

adj. made to look real in order to trick people
The model was wearing fake hair.

hatred

n. a strong feeling of not liking someone or something
I have a hatred for the taste of medicine.

hut

n. a house made of wood, grass, or mud that has only one or two rooms
We all went into the hut to sleep.

satisfactory

adj. good enough
Mina often received satisfactory grades since she studied so hard.

deceive

n. to make someone believe something that is not true
He tried to deceive his friends with a card trick.

neglect

v. to not take care of it properly
William neglected his room, so it is a complete mess.

newcomer

n. a person who has recently arrived at a place or a group
The students happily welcomed the newcomer to the school.

shepherd

n. a person who protects and cares for sheep
The shepherd moved the sheep to another field.

awkward

adj. embarrassing and uncomfortable
After dropping his coffee cup, Robbie felt awkward.

caretaker

n. a person who takes care of very young, old, or sick people
My grandmother’s caretaker helps her get around the house.

repay

v. to pay back or to reward someone or something
She repaid her friend for all of his hard work with a small gift.

offense

n. behavior that is wrong or breaks a law
Stealing a car is a very serious offense.

overlook

v. to not notice it or to not realize that it is important
Brenda overlooked the last step and had a bad fall.

chore

n. an unpleasant job that must be done
It’s Nikki’s chore to do the dishes every Tuesday and Wednesday night.

sled

n. a small vehicle used on snow
Marvin likes to ride his sled down the hill in winter.

valentine

n. someone loved or admired with great affection.
Harry wanted Molly to be his valentine.

overnight

adv. happens during the night
The campers stayed in the tent overnight.

tease

n. to laugh at or make fun of someone
Jake teased Charlie because he was the new student.

bunch

n. a group of the same things
She was hungry, so she ate the entire bunch of grapes.

loose

adj. not held in place tightly
The bolt was loose, so I tightened it with the wrench.

pine

n. a type of tall, thin tree with needles instead of leaves
There were many beautiful pine trees in the forest.

grateful

adj. feels thankful about something
The girls were grateful for the chance to visit their grandfather.

sensation

n. a feeling that people get from their senses
Mom got a painful sensation in her head from the loud noise.

ax

n. a tool used to cut wood
She used an ax to cut some wood for the fire.

kid

n. to say something that is not true as a joke
I am not really mad. I was kidding when I said I was angry.

scar

n. a mark on the skin after a wound heals
The man had horrible scars on his cheek and forehead.

decent

adj. OK or good enough
Eric did a decent job painting the fence.

persist

v. to keep doing something even when it is hard
Even though the lesson was difficult, he persisted until he understood.

elbow

n. the middle part of an arm, where it bends
She pointed to her elbow to show me where she hurt herself.

alley

n. a narrow road between houses or buildings
The alley behind my house looks dirty.

disgraceful

adj. behavior that is very bad
This is a disgraceful waste of money.

irritate

v. to annoy someone
Karen’s brother irritated her when he told her that he had lost her camera.

offend

v. to make someone angry or upset
They were both offended by what they had said to each other.

acquaint

n. to get to know something or someone
Nancy acquainted herself with the new computer.

pirate

n. a sailor who steals things from other boats
Pirates are very scary characters.

rot

n. to slowly get softer and become destroyed
The old log began to rot in the forest.

skeleton

v. all the bones of a body
There is a skeleton in the science classroom.

creature

n. an animal or person
Those creatures live in Africa.

spoil

v. to rot or to make bad
We left the fruit out too long, and it spoiled.

starve

v. to not get enough food for a long period of time
During the war, many people starved.

inhabitant

n. a person who lives in a certain place
The number of inhabitants in the countryside is increasing.

curse

n. to hope that bad things happen to that person
The witch cursed the village.

publication

n. something printed, like a newspaper or book
She’s been a subscriber to that publication for over ten years.

disguise

n. something you wear so people cannot tell who you are
Everyone knew that it was Dad in the Santa disguise.

thrill

n. an exciting feeling
The surfer enjoys the thrill of surfing a big wave.

fancy

adj. nicer or more detailed than normal
Their table was all set for a fancy dinner.

flashlight

n. a small electric light that people carry in their hands
We took a flashlight when we went camping.

shortly

adv. happens very soon
My workday will end shortly.

wicked

adj. very bad or evil
My boss is a very wicked man.

cemetery

n. a place where people are buried when they die
Some people are scared of cemeteries.

riddle

n. a question that is difficult to answer but meant to be funny
I could not answer Wendy’s riddle, but it made me laugh.

hood

n. part of a coat that goes over a person's head
She put on her hood to keep her head warm.

nourish

v. to give someone or something the food needed to live
A good mother will nourish her baby every day.

bump

n. an area of skin that is raised up due to injury
If another animal touches the bumps, something happens.

senator

n. someone who makes laws for a state
The young senator promised to make laws that would help the people.

tap

v. to hit it lightly
He tapped the keys of the keyboard to write a short word.

chop

n. to cut it into pieces with a tool
Mom chopped some vegetables to put into the stew.

broadcast

n. a television or radio show
We watched the broadcast of the local news on TV.

district

n. a small part of a city, county, state, or country
I live in a residential district of Seattle, Washington.

skull

n. the hard head bone that protects the brain
The brain is protected by the skull.

stir

v. to mix it using something small, like a spoon
Mom stirred the batter until it was smooth.

tremendous

adj. very large or very good
The Earth’s oceans are filled with a tremendous amount of water.

alert

v. to tell or warn that person about something
The fire alarm alerted us that there was a problem.

console

v. to give comfort to a person who feels sad
When my dog ran away, my dad consoled me.

bulletin

n. a news report about very recent and important events
There was a live bulletin reporting on the economy of the city.

closet

n. a small room used to store things
Marie has many clothes inside of her closet.

endure

n. to experience and survive something difficult
She had to endure her husband shouting all day long.

rear

n. the back part of that thing
The man loaded the rear of his truck with boxes.

underneath

prep. below or under
The roots of a tree are located underneath the ground.

execute

v. to kill someone as a legal punishment
Some people are executed for serious crimes.

worm

n. a small animal with a long, thin body
Worms are often used to help catch fish.

drawer

n. a small part in furniture that is used to store things
I put my clothes into the empty drawers.

grasp

v. to hold it
He grasped the bag of money tightly.

senses

n. how living things experience the world: sight, taste, smell, hearing and touch
It would be hard to live without your five senses.

bay

n. an area near the ocean where the land goes inward
The Golden Gate Bridge crosses San Francisco Bay.

expedition

n. a long trip, usually to a place very far away
They got into their spaceship to begin their expedition.

horizon

n. where the sky looks like it meets the ground
The sun dipped below the horizon.

refuge

n. a place of safety
When it started to rain, she found refuge in the house.

rub

v. to push on it and move your hand back and forth
Mom’s feet were sore, so she rubbed them.

bark

v. to make a short, loud noise, like a dog
The dog barked loudly and frighteningly.

mutual

adj. felt in the same way by two or more people
Robert likes Sarah, and she likes him. The feeling is mutual.

enthusiastic

adj. excited by or interested in something
The man was enthusiastic about his job.

veterinarian

n. a doctor who takes care of animals
Wanda became a veterinarian because she loves dogs.

ambitious

adj. person wants to be rich or successful
Kendra had to be ambitious to get into medical school.

brilliant

adj. very bright or smart
My younger sister is brilliant for someone her age.

restore

v. to put it back the way it was
Victor restored the old car.

chin

n. the hard part at the bottom of a person's face
Luke pointed to the hair on his chin.

complaint

n. an expression of unhappiness about something.
Mom said she didn’t want to hear my brother’s complaints.

abandon

v. to leave it forever or for a long time
The old room had been abandoned years before.

deaf

adj. cannot hear
Susan uses sign language because she is deaf.

loyal

adj. always help or support a certain person or thing
The three friends are very loyal to each other.

mayor

n. the person in charge of a city
The mayor of my hometown is quite a powerful speaker.

overweight

adj. heavier than is healthy
Lisa eats too much, so now she’s overweight.

coal

n. hard black material that people burn for heat
Many power stations burn coal to produce energy.

fabric

n. cloth used to make clothes, furniture, etc.
The towels were made from a soft fabric.

burst

v. to suddenly break open or apart
The bomb burst over the city.

mill

n. a building in which wheat is ground into flour
The farmer took his wheat to the mill to make it into flour.

shed

n. a small building in which people store things like tools
We have a small shed in the backyard for storage.

anniversary

n. a day that celebrates something from the past
My parents went out to a restaurant for their wedding anniversary.

sew

v. to put pieces of cloth together using string or thread
I learned to sew when I was a little girl.

thread

n. a thin piece of string
I have many different colors of thread at home.

needle

n. a small, sharp piece of metal used to make or fix clothes
I used a needle to fix the hole in my pants.

carpenter

n. a person who builds things with wood
We hired a carpenter to make a cupboard.

couch

n. a long, soft seat that many people can sit on
Kim and Martin’s new couch was very expensive.

upwards

adv. moves vertically towards the direction above
The kite went upwards further and further.

elegant

adj. very fancy and pleasing
In Japan, women wear elegant kimonos on special occasions.

ashamed

adj. feeling upset and embarrassed because of a bad action
He was ashamed when he forgot his teacher’s name.

ivory

n. a hard, white substance that comes from elephants
The elephant’s long ivory tusks looked very impressive.

polish

v. to rub it in order to make it shiny
Mark spent all morning polishing his shoes for the wedding.

drip

n. to fall a little bit at a time
I heard water dripping from the faucet.

arithmetic

n. Mmath
I like to study arithmetic at school.

trim

v. to cut it a little bit
I had my hair trimmed this afternoon.

highlands

n. high areas of land, usually with mountains
The man had a small home in the highlands.

opponent

n. a person or group trying to defeat another person or group
On the field, our opponents were too good for us.

wrestle

v. to try to push another competitor to the floor
My dad loved to wrestle when he was in high school.

bounce

v. to move up and away from a surface after hitting it
Owen bounced the ball on the ground.

entire

adj. the whole thing or group
The entire table was covered with food.

sore

adj. feeling or causing pain
After lifting the heavy box, Mona’s back was sore.

dominant

adj. stronger than others
The gorilla is one of the dominant animals in the jungle.

strain

v. to try very hard
Casey strained to lift the heavy box.

nod

v. to move your head up and down
I nodded my head as I listened to the song.

torture

n. action that causes physical or mental pain
Greg thought that writing the essay was torture.

dial

n. a circular tool, like the front of a clock
I looked at the dial to see what time it was.

sting

v. to cause pain by pushing a sharp part into the skin
The needle stung my arm and made me say, “Ouch!”

mercy

n. a feeling or act of kindness
He asked his boss for mercy and to not fire him.

ally

n. someone who agrees to help or support another person or group
I was happy to find many allies who shared my opinion.

crawl

v. to move slowly on hands and knees
The baby crawled across the floor.

bully

n. a person who is mean to others
The two bullies always picked on the smaller, weaker kids.

defeat

v. to beat that person in a game or battle
The champion defeated the challenger in the boxing match.

quarrel

v. to argue or fight
Billy quarreled with his wife about buying a new house.

rival

n. someone trying to achieve the same thing as another
The three rivals were all competing for the same job.

boast

v. to talk about how great one is
We all became tired of listening to him boast about himself all day.

carbohydrate

n. substances in foods like bread that give energy
Carbohydrates like rice are a good source of energy for active people.

reproduce

v. to make something exactly how someone else did it
The children tried to reproduce their house using toy blocks.

bald

adj. has no hair
My oldest brother is bald.

wagon

n. a cart used to carry heavy things
He used his wagon to carry some of his gifts.

wrinkle

n. a line on a person's face that appears as they get old
My grandfather has some wrinkles on his face.

pat

v. to hit it softly with your hand
I patted some lotion onto my face.

blanket

n. a piece of cloth that people use to keep warm or to sit upon
I laid a blanket on the ground so that we could have a picnic.

relief

n. a good feeling after something bad or challenging ends
I felt a sense of relief when I heard the good news.

urgent

adj. important and needs to be done now
He had to leave at that moment; it was urgent.

creep

v. to move quietly and slowly
The cat slowly crept down the tree.

suck

v. to put something in your mouth and try to get something out of it
The baby sucked milk from her bottle.

aloud

adv. done so that people can hear it
My father often reads stories aloud to me and my sister.

divorce

n. the process of ending a marriage
Divorce rates have increased in the past twenty years.

kidnap

v. to take that person illegally
She was terrified to find out her son had been kidnapped.

absence

n. the state of something being away
There is an absence of sand in the hourglass.

rhyme

v. writing or speech that has words with the same ending sounds
“Humpty Dumpty” is an old rhyme that children learn in school.

imitate

n. to act in the exact same way
He imitated his favorite superhero by putting on a costume.

nap

v. a short sleep, usually during the day
I took a short nap because I had stayed up late last night.

infant

n. a baby
The infant cried all night.

nowhere

adv. no place or not existing
Unfortunately, water was nowhere to be found.

vanish

v. to go away suddenly
All the passengers vanished from the train station.