v. to no longer exist; to leave suddenly
Climate change is causing islands to disappear.
threaten
v. to cause something or someone to be at risk or in danger
Rising sea levels, along with land being worn away by water and wind, are now threatening other nearby islands.
nearby
adj. not far away
Rising sea levels... are now threatening other nearby islands.
risk
n. the possibility that something bad or unpleasant will happen
The Maldives, in the Indian Ocean, is also at risk due to rising sea levels.
tropical
adj. in or from the warm areas around the equator
If the water rises just one meter, these tropical islands will disappear.
force
v. to make do something that one doesn’t want to
When islands sink, people are forced to move to other, higher islands.
serious
adj. having an important or dangerous possible result
This threat caused by sea level rise is serious.
melt
v. to turn from solid to liquid
As the Earth warms, ice melts and flows into the sea.
huge
adj. very large
This is a huge problem for island nations because they are close to sea level.
island
n. an area of land that is surrounded by water
This is a huge problem for island nations because they are close to sea level.
level
n. a specific height
This is a huge problem for island nations because they are close to sea level.
decrease
v. to become smaller in size or amount
Some islands are already decreasing in size.
beneath
prep. in or to a lower position
They are beginning to sink beneath the water.
wave
n. a raised line of water that moves across the top of water
However, if a strong hurricane happens, waves rise even higher.
affect
v. to produce an effect on someone or something
This affects lands near sea level by causing floods.
viewer
n. a person who sees or looks at something
The BBC, a news station in England, asked its viewers to suggest places around the world that people must see before they die.
marble
n. a type of very hard rock
The walls of the temple are made of marble covered with thin sheets of copper and gold.
sheet
n. a large piece of cloth that is used to cover something
The walls of the temple are made of marble covered with thin sheets of copper and gold.
copper
n. a red-brown metal
The walls of the temple are made of marble covered with thin sheets of copper and gold.
jewel
n. a rare stone that is worth a lot of money
There are also many jewels covering various parts of the temple.
respect
n. a feeling of admiring someone
They only need to show respect for the temple and the people who worship there.
worship
v. to show respect and love for your religion by praying or having a service
They only need to show respect for the temple and the people who worship there.
suggest
v. to say something is possible to do or a good idea
The BBC, a news station in England, asked its viewers to suggest places around the world that people must see before they die.
temple
n. a building where people practice religion
It is the Golden Temple in the city of Amritsar.
middle
adj. halfway between two points
The Golden Temple sits in the middle of a small lake, which is a special place to Sikh Indians.
battle
n. a military fight between groups of soldiers
A Sikh legend says that during a great battle near the pool, a bottle of honey was sent down from the sky.
honey
n. a thick, sweet substance made by bees
A Sikh legend says that during a great battle near the pool, a bottle of honey was sent down from the sky.
soldier
n. a person who is in the military
The soldiers drank this liquid, and it gave them the strength to keep fighting.
liquid
n. a state of matter that is not a solid or a gas
The soldiers drank this liquid, and it gave them the strength to keep fighting.
strength
n. the state of being physically strong
The soldiers drank this liquid, and it gave them the strength to keep fighting.
vast
adj. very great in size
The Amazon is a vast rainforest.
life
n. the period of time when a person is alive
The Amazon River makes it possible for so much life to survive.
flow
v. of a liquid to move in a steady way without stopping
It flows from the Andes Mountains to the Atlantic Ocean.
wide
adj. having a lot of space or distance between two points
In one place, the Amazon River is over 320 kilometers wide.
surprising
adj. unexpected or unusual, causing surprise
With all this water, it is not surprising that the river also has a large number of water creatures.
creature
n. an animal of any type
With all this water, it is not surprising that the river also has a large number of water creatures.
freshwater
adj. describing water that is not saltwater
The Amazon is home to the biggest variety of freshwater fish in the world.
rainforest
n. a tropical forest that receives a lot of rain
The Amazon is a vast rainforest.
cover
v. to be spread over or on top of something
It covers a large part of South America.
depend on
phr v. to need something or someone
In fact, most living things on Earth depend on the Amazon in some way.
plant
n. a living thing that grows in the ground
This rainforest has the largest number of plant species in the world.
species
n. a set of animals or plants which have similar characteristics to each other
This rainforest has the largest number of plant species in the world.
percent
n. one part in a hundred
It makes more than 20 percent of the oxygen the Earth needs.
addition
n. the act or process of adding something
In addition, 25 percent of all medicines are made from rainforest plants.
medicine
n. a substance that is used to treat illness or injury
In addition, 25 percent of all medicines are made from rainforest plants.
grand
adj. very large and impressive
The Grand Canyon is a grand wonder!
cactus
n. a plant with spines that grows in dry areas
This means that mostly plants like cacti can survive there.
offer
v. to say that you are willing to do something
The Grand Canyon offers a wide variety of activities for tourists.
donkey
n. a mammal similar to a horse
They can either go hiking or ride donkeys along the ridge.
river rafting
phr n. an activity that involves riding an inflatable raft down a river
Or maybe you would rather go river rafting!
wind
v. to move in a twisting way
The Colorado River winds through the canyon, so you can go on a boat ride and see the tall cliffs and interesting rocks up close.
geology
n. the study of earth and rock formations
The Grand Canyon is very special because of its geology, history, and beauty.
wonder
n. something that is surprising, or hard to believe
The Grand Canyon is a grand wonder!
stretch
v. to become longer or wider when pulled
It stretches across a huge area in Arizona in the United States.
roughly
adv. not exactly but close in number, quality, meaning, etc.
The Grand Canyon is roughly 6 million years old and was formed by the Colorado River.
carve
v. to cut into a surface
Over time, water from the river carved out this giant canyon through the rock.
artwork
n. a painting, sculpture, photograph, etc.
It’s an amazing multilayered artwork created by nature.
elevation
n. the height of the land
It has different heights, or elevations.
precipitation
n. rain, snow, hail, and sleet
There is usually not much precipitation in the Grand Canyon area.
mostly
adv. almost all or almost completely
This means that mostly plants like cacti can survive there.
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