adj. having to do with the face
Almost everyone has different facial features.
geometry
n. a type of math that deals with points, lines, angles, surfaces, shapes, and sizes
These computer programs record the geometry of the human face.
measure
v. to find the size, weight, amount, or speed of something
Facial geometry measures many things.
width
n. how wide something is
It measures the exact distance between the eyes, the size of the eyes, the width of the mouth and nose, and more.
individual
adj. related to just one member or part of a larger group
Together, these measurements make a person’s individual profile.
identify
v. to pick out or select
For example, facial recognition programs can identify people in a crowd.
crowd
n. a large group of people
For example, facial recognition programs can identify people in a crowd.
feature
n. a part of something that makes it special
Almost everyone has different facial features.
analyze
v. to study something in a systematic and careful way
We see and analyze the space between a person’s eyes, the shape of their nose, and other different sizes and shapes on a person’s face.
space
n. an empty area that is available to be used
We see and analyze the space between a person’s eyes, the shape of their nose, and other different sizes and shapes on a person’s face.
shape
n. the physical form of something made by the line around its outer edge
We see and analyze the space between a person’s eyes, the shape of their nose, and other different sizes and shapes on a person’s face.
without
prep. not having, using, or doing something
Most people do this without really thinking about it.
recognition
n. identifying or verifying one’s identity
Facial recognition programs are used in many places, and they are very helpful.
helpful
adj. useful
Facial recognition programs are used in many places, and they are very helpful.
record
v. to write or store something on paper or a computer so that it can be used in the future
These computer programs record the geometry of the human face.
believe
v. to think that something is true
Do you believe math is only complicated and not really practical?
based on
phr prep. from where does things Based on the recipe, you need 1 cup of flour, 1/2 cup of sugar, 1/2 cup of butter, 3/4 cup of chocolate chips, 1 teaspoon of vanilla, 1/2 teaspoon of baking powder, and 1 egg.
vanilla
n. a food product made from a bean and used to add flavor to food
Based on the recipe, you need 1 cup of flour, 1/2 cup of sugar, 1/2 cup of butter, 3/4 cup of chocolate chips, 1 teaspoon of vanilla, 1/2 teaspoon of baking powder, and 1 egg.
double
v. to make or become twice as much
If you know how to add fractions, you can double the ingredients and make twenty cookies.
equal
adj. to be the same as something
Next are the 1/2 fractions: 1/2 + 1/2 equals 2/2, and 2/2 is equal to 1.
powder
n. a dry substance made of many small, loose grains
Therefore, you need 1 cup of sugar and butter, and 1 teaspoon of baking powder.
calculation
n. something you work out using math
Adding fractions can help with tricky culinary calculations like these.
complicated
adj. hard to understand with many different parts
Do you believe math is only complicated and not really practical?
practical
adj. useful or suitable for specific purposes
Do you believe math is only complicated and not really practical?
aid
v. to give help
Actually, using math can aid us in daily life, particularly in the kitchen.
particularly
adv. especially
Actually, using math can aid us in daily life, particularly in the kitchen.
suppose
v. to think that something is probably true Suppose you want to make cookies for twenty people, but the cookie recipe you have only makes ten cookies.
recipe
n. a list of foods and a set of instructions
Suppose you want to make cookies for twenty people, but the cookie recipe you have only makes ten cookies.
fraction
n. a numerical quantity that is not a whole number
If you know how to add fractions, you can use twice the ingredients and make twenty cookies.
ingredient
n. one of the different foods that a particular type of food is made from
If you know how to add fractions, you can use twice the ingredients and make twenty cookies.
widely
adv. very much or by a lot of people
Today, there are two widely used systems of measurement around the world.
Mars
n. the fourth planet from the sun, called “the red planet”
In 1998, NASA sent a spaceship to Mars on a mission.
mission
n. an important job
In 1998, NASA sent a spaceship to Mars on a mission.
consider
v. to think carefully about something
But one of the American companies NASA worked with didn’t consider this.
spaceship
n. a vehicle used for travel in space
That company made an important computer program for the spaceship.
guess
v. to give an answer or opinion about something without knowing all the facts
As you might have guessed, it didn’t go well.
fail
v. to do badly or not succeed
The ship crashed on September 23rd, 1999, and the mission failed.
system
n. a way or method of doing things
Today, there are two widely used systems of measurement around the world.
metric
adj. units based on the gram, meter, liter, etc.
They are the metric system and the imperial system.
introduce
v. to make something exist or happen for the first time
The imperial system is older, and the metric system was introduced later.
currently
adv. at the present time; now Currently, most of the world uses the metric system.
mile
n. a measurement of distance in the imperial system
It uses measurements like miles and pounds.
pound
n. a measurement of weight in the imperial system
It uses measurements like miles and pounds.
trouble
n. a problem
Unfortunately, these two kinds of measurement systems caused trouble for the American space agency, NASA
agency
n. a part of the government that is responsible for doing a particular job
Unfortunately, these two kinds of measurement systems caused trouble for the American space agency, NASA
tool
n. a piece of equipment
Some things are easy to measure. Just use a simple tool, and read the measurement.
collect
v. to get and keep things of one type
After measuring many dead whales and collecting a lot of information, scientists can figure out the approximate proportions of a whale.
approximate
adj. close in value or amount but not exact
After measuring many dead whales and collecting a lot of information, scientists can figure out the approximate proportions of a whale.
proportion
n. a part in comparison to the whole
After measuring many dead whales and collecting a lot of information, scientists can figure out the approximate proportions of a whale.
size
n. how large or small something is
Scientists use this information to know about the size of living whales.
estimate
n. a best guess of the size, value, or amount
Then, they make an estimate of the length and weight of the animal.
bring
v. to come with something to a place
Scientists can’t bring a measuring tape underwater and check the size of a living whale.
massive
adj. very large
But a massive animal, like a whale in the ocean, can’t be measured easily.
creative
adj. good at thinking of new ideas and making interesting things
Scientists need to find creative ways to use math to measure these big animals.
whale
n. a very large animal is a mammal and lives in the ocean
To measure whales, scientists usually start by studying dead ones.
dead
adj. not now alive
Sometimes, the body of a dead whale washes up on a beach.
underwater
adj. under the surface of water
It is not underwater, and also not moving.
manual
adj. done by hand, without electricity
Scientists do manual measurements of these animals.
measuring tape
phr n. a tool used for measuring length or distance
To do this, scientists use tools like a measuring tape or a scale.
scale
n. a device used to measure weight
To do this, scientists use tools like a measuring tape or a scale.
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