4000 Essential English Words 2e 3 (2nd Edition) 영영 Unit 17,18

shallow

adj. not deep
The kids were playing in the shallow water.

span

v. to spread across an amount of time or space
His work at the bakery has spanned twenty years.

lava

n. the hot substance made of melted rock that comes out of volcanoes
The red-hot lava poured from the volcano.

navigate

v. to control the way it moves or goes
She navigated the ship across the ocean.

slope

n. ground that is not flat
The slope to the top of the mountain was very steep.

confine

v. to keep it in one place
The elephant is confined to a cage in the zoo.

vibrate

v. to shake very hard
The machine made his whole body vibrate as he broke up the ground.

affection

n. a feeling of liking someone or something
Amanda has a lot of affection for her little sister, Sarah.

agency

n. a business or service set up to act for others
I went to a travel agency to help me arrange a flight home.

dismiss

v. to say it is not important
He quickly dismissed my idea about the new project.

remainder

v. what is left
He took a bite of the apple and then gave me the remainder of it.

originate

v. to start there
The idea of democracy originated in Ancient Greece.

fate

n. a power that causes things to happen
Some people believe that the lines on a person’s hand can tell his or her fate.

erupt

v. to explode or blow apart, especially a volcano
The volcano erupted for the first time in ten years.

retrieve

v. to find it and get it back
She retrieved her mail from the mailbox.

wander

v. to walk without going to a certain place
The boys like to wander in the woods and look at birds.

superstition

n. something magical that people believe is real
It is a superstition that Friday the 13th is an unlucky day.

sympathy

n. a feeling of sadness for another person who feels bad
I felt sympathy for my sister, so I got her a balloon to cheer her up.

ash

n. the grey or black powder created when something is burned
The end of his cigar was full of ashes.

miserable

adj. very unhappy
He was miserable after his dog died.

cliff

n. a high and often flat wall of rock
The wolf stood at the cliff and howled.

steep

adj. a slope or angle that rises or falls sharply
He rode his bike up the steep hill to reach the top.

knight

n. a soldier of high rank and skill who usually serves a king
He was the best soldier, so the king made him a knight.

lightning

n. the bright light seen during a storm
The lightning flashed above the water.

thunder

n. the loud noise heard during a storm
The sound of the thunder startled me.

boom

v. to make a loud, deep sound
The firecrackers made a loud boom when they exploded.

retreat

v. to run away because of losing a fight
The army retreated because they were losing the battle.

summit

n. the highest part or top point of a mountain
We need to climb to the summit of the mountain.

armor

n. metal worn by soldiers to protect the body
The soldier wore armor to protect his body.

independence

n. the state of being free from the control of others
After leaving home, Sophia had a great feeling of independence.

blaze

v. to burn brightly or powerfully
The small fire soon blazed into a large, dangerous one.

warrior

n. a brave soldier or fighter
The samurai were some of the most skilled warriors in the ancient world.

withdraw

v. to leave a place, usually during war
After losing the battle, the enemy withdrew back to its own country.

yield

v. to give up control of it or to give it away
He had to yield his turn because he was in checkmate.

rebel

n. a person who fights the government in order to change it
The rebel was angry about the government’s unfair polices.

troops

n. soldiers that fight in groups in a battle
The troops were all prepared to go into battle.

flame

n. part of a fire
The torch was filled with yellow and orange flames.

invasion

n. an attack by a group from another country
In Korea, walls were built around cities to protect them from invasions.

revolution

n. a change to the political system by a group of people
The revolution in Russia led to the creation of the Soviet Union.

spear

n. a long stick with a blade on one end that is used as a weapon
The soldier was holding a spear in his hand.