Listening Framework Pre-advanced 3 (E) Unit 10

breakthrough

an important and sudden success or discovery
The new drug was a major breakthrough in cancer treatment.

engineer

a person who designs or builds machines, systems, or structures
The engineer designed a bridge that could withstand strong winds.

mark

to show or signal an important event, change, or beginning
The ceremony will mark the beginning of a new era for the company.

transform

to change something in a big way
Exercise can transform both your body and your mind.

boundary

a line or limit that shows where something ends
The river forms the boundary between the two countries.

deal

to take action to solve or handle something
She knows how to deal with difficult customers politely.

filter

a tool that removes unwanted parts from something
The water passes through a filter to remove impurities.

posture

the way someone holds their body when sitting or standing
Good posture can help prevent back pain.

aspect

a part or feature of something
We need to consider every aspect of the plan before making a decision.

chronic

lasting for a long time or happening again and again
Chronic stress can affect your health in many ways.

discomfort

a feeling of slight pain or unease
She felt discomfort after sitting in the hard chair for hours.

engage

to take part in or be involved with something
The teacher tried to engage all students in the discussion.

expand

to become or make something larger
The company plans to expand its business to other countries.

foundation

the base or starting point of something
A strong foundation in math is important for science studies.

innovation

a new idea, method, or invention
Innovation in technology has changed the way we live.

integrate

to bring parts together to work as a whole
The school works hard to integrate students from different backgrounds.

restless

unable to stay still or calm
The children became restless after sitting for a long time.

wire

a long, thin piece of metal that carries electricity
The electrician fixed the broken wire in the living room.

mobile

able to move easily or designed to be carried
Mobile phones allow people to stay connected anywhere.

central

located in the middle or most important part
Education is central to the development of a society.

problematic

causing difficulties or doubts
The new policy is problematic for small businesses.

subtle

not obvious
She gave a subtle hint about her plans for the weekend.

inventor

a person who creates something new that did not exist before
Thomas Edison is a famous inventor of the light bulb.

figure

a person of importance
He is a well-known figure in the world of science.

rotary

turning around a central point
The rotary engine works differently from a regular engine.

shift

a change in position, direction, or opinion
There has been a shift in public opinion about climate change.

location

a particular place or position
The restaurant has a perfect location near the beach.

lightweight

weighing little; not heavy
This backpack is lightweight and easy to carry.

headache

pain in the head
He took some medicine to relieve his headache.

hunched

bent over with your back and shoulders forward
He sat hunched over his desk, writing a report.