수직VOCA Master (수직보카) 영한 Unit 4

defeat

n. 패배/ 패배시키다, 좌절시키다
The remaining bacteria are forced to evolve and defeat the antibiotic.

iron

n. 철, 쇠/ 다림질하다
It also means that we will be trapped in the ‘iron cage’ of bureaucracy.

dimension

n. 차원, 관점
All these are deep pleasures which combine all my senses and momentarily transport me into another dimension of living.

patent

n. 특허(권)/ 특허를 얻다
Between 1930 and 1933, the inventor filed five patents on FM.

trail

n. 오솔길, 자국/ 따르다, 따라걷다
Advertising dollars have simply been following the migration trail across to new technologies.

tribal

adj. 부족의
Interestingly, art in tribal societies is frequently abandoned after it has served its purpose.

debt

n. 빚, 의존, 은혜
Clearly, his debt to culture will vary with the nature of his education.

distress

v. 괴롭히다/ 괴로움, 슬픔, 고민
I will not be distressed when no one is available to help me; I will be excited when I am available to help someone.

extract

v. 추출하다/ 추출물
When molecules were extracted from fruits and vegetables and made into supplements, they did not reduce cancer.

forgive

v. 용서하다
I would like to ask for the kindness in your heart to forgive my unintended offense.

intimate

adj. 친밀한, 사소한, 아늑한
They were symbolically less intimate.

nuclear

n. 핵, 원자력
The source that showed the biggest increase was nuclear, which rose from 2.1% in 1971 to 13.8% in 2007.

prevail

v. 보급되다, 유행하다, 우세하다
The remaining bacteria will reestablish themselves and prevail once again.

trace

n. 발자국/ 추적하다
You can trace the painful process by which Beethoven edged toward the music that we know.

transition

n. 변동, 변천, 과도기
According to the theory of demographic transition, nations go through several developmental stages.

simultaneously

adv. 동시에, 일제히
New media can be defined by four characteristics simultaneously.

stare

v. 응시하다/ 응시
They just stared at Jim and said, "What do you mean you don’t sing? You talk!"

sheet

n. 판, (종이)한 장, (천)한 장
Sheet steel and aluminum have been increasingly used since World War II.

telescope

n. 망원경
We explore the universe by observing it with all kinds of telescopes.

entry

n. 출품[작], 출전, 입장, 가입, 응모, 입력
Failure to comply with any of the above rules will disqualify the entry.

fossil

n. 화석
Clothes document personal history for us the same way that fossils chart time for archaeologists.

command

n. 통제, 명령/ 명령하다
Are they all following the commands of a leader?

constitute

v. 구성하다, ~로 여겨지다, 설립하다
Those theories, though they describe the same phenomenon, constitute very different versions of reality.

pop

v. 튀어나오다/ 팝(뮤직)
When ice forms, they can walk out to a hole near where the seals are swimming, then sit and wait for a seal to pop its head up to breathe.

sphere

n. 구, 천체, 분야, 영역
In the political sphere, the result was democracy, in which supporters of rival policies vied for rhetorical supremacy.

violate

v. 위반하다
The person will tend to feel guilty when his or her own conduct violates that principle.

bowl

n. 그릇, 사발/ 볼링하다
You end up on the couch with a bowl of chips or bag of cookies in your hand.

crack

n. 균열/ 해독하다, 때리다, 갈라지다
To make progress in science, we need to crack the cosmic code.

eager

adj. 갈망하는, 간절한
None of this has stopped eager parents from purchasing Mozart CDs for their babies.

conversely

adv. 정반대로, 역으로
Nor, conversely, do we soar too high on our successes.

alike

adj. 비슷한/ 둘 다, 똑같이
Children and adults alike want to hear positive remarks.

invasion

n. 침략, 침해, 침입
The densely structured wood is resistant to invasion by insects and other potential pests.

launch

v. 시작하다, 발사하다, 출시하다/ 개시, 출시
The launch of the euro, Europe’s single currency, brought about an increase in the cost of living.

spare

adj. 여분의/ 나누다, 면하게 하다
It is just far enough off the beaten path to have been spared damage from tourists.

badly

adv. 형편없게, 심하게, 몹시
Although he wrote many beautiful pieces of music, he dressed badly and hardly ever cleaned his room.

commute

v. 통근하다
‘Commuting’ is a more favored factor for women than for men.

mount

n. 산, (받침)대/ 오르다
Now you cannot climb Mount Everest without special permission from the government of Nepal.

rob

v. 강탈하다
You leap to the conclusion that the man in the black jacket has robbed the bank.

scatter

v. 흩어지다, 분산시키다
After Beethoven's death these sketchbooks were scatter.

caution

n. 조심/ ~에게 경고하다
Occasionally when someone, usually a child, opened it without sufficient caution, an egg would fall out and break on the kitchen floor.

facial

adv. 얼굴의
Ekman and his colleagues studied the facial reactions of students to a horrific film.

readily

adv. 즉시, 기꺼이, 손쉽게, 선뜻
Calculators, computers, and other forms of technology are readily available.