[adj] of or relating to cities
The urban landscape is constantly changing with new buildings and infrastructure.
도시의 경관은 새로운 건물과 인프라가 생기면서 끊임없이 변화하고 있다.
recession
[n] a difficult time when there is less trade, business activity etc in a country than usual
Many businesses struggle to survive during a period of economic recession.
경제 침체 기간 동안 많은 기업들이 살아남기 위해 투쟁한다.
abandoned
[adj] has been left by the people who owned or used it
The old house at the end of the street has been abandoned for years.
거리 끝에 있는 오래된 집은 수년간 버려져 있었다.
afford
[v] to have enough money to buy or pay for something
After getting a new job, she could finally afford to buy a car.
새로운 일자리를 얻은 후 그녀는 드디어 차를 살 여유가 생겼다.
unemployment
[n] when someone does not have a job
The government is taking measures to reduce the rate of unemployment.
정부는 실업률을 줄이기 위한 조치를 취하고 있다.
emerge
[v] to appear or come out from somewhere
A new species of bird has emerged in the forest.
숲에서 새로운 새 종이 나타났다.
violence
[n] behaviour that is intended to hurt other people physically Violence is never a solution to conflicts.
폭력은 갈등을 해결하는 해답이 아니다.
despair
[n] a feeling that you have no hope at all
He felt a deep sense of despair after the news.
그는 뉴스를 듣고 깊은 절망감을 느꼈다.
medical
[adj] relating to medicine and the treatment of disease or injury Medical professionals are working hard during the pandemic.
의료 전문가들이 팬데믹 동안 열심히 일하고 있다.
treaty
[n] a formal written agreement between two or more countries or governments
The treaty between the two countries was signed yesterday.
어제 두 나라 사이의 협정이 체결되었다.
take away
to remove or detract from
Adding too much salt might take away the natural flavors of the food.
너무 많은 소금을 추가하면 음식의 자연스러운 맛을 지울 수 있다.
dispute
[n] a serious argument or disagreement
The parents had a dispute over their children's fights.
부모들은 자녀의 싸움을 두고 분쟁을 벌였다.
immigrant
[n] someone who enters another country to live there permanently
The new immigrants come mainly from Asia and Latin America.
새로운 이민자들은 주로 아시아와 라틴 아메리카에서 온다.
dominant
[adj] more powerful, important, or noticeable than other people or things
TV is the dominant source of information in our society.
TV는 우리 사회에서 정보의 지배적인 출처다.
fascinating
[adj] extremely interesting
The science book about space was so fascinating.
우주에 관한 과학 책이 너무 매혹적이었다.
vibrant
[adj] full of activity or energy in a way that is exciting and attractive
The city is known for its vibrant culture.
그 도시는 활기찬 문화로 알려져 있다.
replace
[v] to start doing something instead of another person, or start being used instead of another thing
The coach decided to replace the tired player with a new one.
코치는 지친 선수를 새로운 선수로 교체하기로 결정했다.
host
[v] to provide the place and everything that is needed for an organized event
Our school will host the annual sports day next week.
우리 학교는 다음 주에 연례 운동회를 주최할 예정이다.
regard
[v] to think of (someone or something) in a particular way
She is highly regarded as an expert in her field.
그녀는 자신의 분야에서 높이 평가받는다.
found
[v] to start a company, organization, system, etc.
Two artists founded the art club at our school last year.
작년에 두 명의 예술가가 우리 학교에 미술 클럽을 설립했다.
birthplace
[n] the place where something first started to happen
London is known as the birthplace of many famous writers.
런던은 많은 유명 작가들의 탄생지로 알려져 있다.
extend
[v] to continue for a longer period of time, or to make something last longer
The meeting was extended by another 30 minutes.
회의가 추가로 30분 연장되었다.
influential
[adj] having a lot of influence and therefore changing the way people think and behave
The book was influential in spreading new ideas.
그 책은 새로운 아이디어를 퍼뜨리는 데 영향력이 있었다.
anticipated
[adj] expected and wanted to happen because it is pleasant or exciting
Everyone is eagerly anticipated the school trip to the museum.
모두가 박물관으로의 학교 현장 학습을 간절히 기대하고 있다.
show off
to behave in a way that is intended to attract attention or admiration
He loves to show off his new car.
그는 자신의 새 차를 자랑하는 것을 좋아한다.
rhyme
[n] one of two or more words or phrases that end in the same sounds
In her poem, the words 'star' and 'far' rhyme beautifully.
그녀의 시에서 'star'와 'far'라는 단어가 아름답게 운율을 이룬다.
instrumental
[adj] involving only musical instruments, and no singing
The band played an instrumental song, using only guitars and drums.
밴드는 기타와 드럼만 사용하여 악기곡을 연주했다.
address
[v] to speak or write to someone, or to direct information to someone
The president is scheduled to address the nation tonight regarding the new economic policies.
대통령은 오늘 밤 새로운 경제 정책과 관련하여 국민들에게 연설할 예정이다.
ceremony
[n] (a set of) formal acts, often fixed and traditional, performed on important social or religious occasions
The award ceremony was held at the city hall.
시상식은 시청에서 열렸다.
separate
[adj] existing or happening independently
[v] to keep things away from each other
In science class, we learned how to separate salt from water.
과학 수업에서 우리는 물에서 소금을 분리하는 방법을 배웠다.
originate
[v] to arise, come into existence, start
The game of chess is believed to originate from ancient India.
체스 게임은 고대 인도에서 비롯된 것으로 여겨진다.
be about to
to be going to do it very soon
I was just about to leave the house when the phone rang.
집을 나가려는 찰나에 전화가 울렸다.
army
[n] organized body of soldiers trained and equipped to fight on land
He joined the army after finishing high school.
그는 고등학교를 졸업한 후 군대에 입대했다.
jokey
[adj] inclined to joke
His jokey attitude always makes us laugh.
그의 장난스러운 태도는 항상 우리를 웃게 만든다.
military
[adj] relating to, or characteristic of a soldier or soldiers
The military base was located outside the city.
군사 기지는 도시 외곽에 위치하고 있었다.
instructor
[n] a person who instructs; a teacher of a practical skill
Our swimming instructor taught us different strokes.
우리 수영 강사는 다양한 영법을 가르쳐 주셨다.
chant
[n] a repeated rhythmic phrase, typically one shouted or sung in unison by a crowd
[v] to shout or say a word or phrase many times
The fans chanted their team's name during the game.
팬들은 경기 동안 자신의 팀 이름을 연호했다.
lyric
[n] the words of a song
The song's lyrics were very meaningful.
그 노래의 가사는 매우 의미심장했다.
immediate
[adj] done at once; instant
She needed immediate help with the project.
그녀는 프로젝트에 즉각적인 도움이 필요했다.
decline
[n] gradual loss of force
There has been a decline in the city's population.
그 도시의 인구가 감소하고 있다.
typically
[adv] representatively; characteristically
Cats typically sleep for many hours.
고양이는 보통 몇 시간 동안 잠을 잔다.
boast
[v] to speak too proudly or happily about what you have done or what you own
He always boasts about his cooking skills.
그는 항상 자신의 요리 실력을 자랑한다.
significant
[adj] important or noticeable
The research had significant findings.
그 연구는 중요한 발견을 했다.
shift
[n] a change in position or direction
There was a major shift in public opinion.
대중 여론에 큰 변화가 있었다.
appearance
[n] the act of becoming noticeable or the fact of being present
The sudden appearance of the comet surprised astronomers.
그 혜성의 갑작스런 출현은 천문학자들을 놀라게 했다.
groundbreaking
[adj] very new and a big change from other things of its type
The new invention was groundbreaking.
그 새로운 발명은 획기적이었다.
harsh
[adj] unpleasant, unkind, cruel, or more severe than is necessary
The desert conditions are very harsh.
사막의 조건은 매우 가혹하다.
reality
[n] the state of things as they are, rather than as they are imagined to be
Sometimes, reality is different from our expectations.
때때로, 현실은 우리의 기대와 다르다.
criticism
[n] the expression of a harsh or unfavorable opinion of a person or thing
The author faced criticism for his latest book.
그 저자는 최근 책에 대한 비판을 받았다.
injustice
[n] the opposite of justice; unjust action; wrong
They fought against the injustice in society.
그들은 사회의 부당함에 맞서 싸웠다.
confront
[v] to face, meet, or deal with a difficult situation or person
You must confront your fears to overcome them.
두려움을 극복하려면 그것과 정면으로 맞서야 한다.
racial
[adj] based on someone's perceived race, especially in a way that is unfair or harmful
The campaign focused on ending racial discrimination.
캠페인은 인종 차별을 끝내는 데 초점을 맞췄다.
discrimination
[n] treating a person or particular group of people differently, especially in a worse way Discrimination in the workplace is illegal.
직장 내 차별은 불법이다.
attitude
[n] a feeling or opinion about something or someone
A positive attitude can change everything.
긍정적인 태도는 모든 것을 바꿀 수 있다.
gradually
[adv] slowly over a period of time or a distance
She gradually improved her language skills.
그녀는 점차적으로 언어 능력을 향상시켰다.
summarize
[v] to express the most important facts or ideas about something or someone in a short and clear form
To summarize, we need to focus on our marketing strategy.
요약하자면, 우리는 마케팅 전략에 집중해야 한다.
particularly
[adv] especially, or more than usual
I am particularly interested in ancient history.
나는 특히 고대 역사에 관심이 많다.
pioneer
[n] a person who is one of the first people to do something
Marie Curie was a pioneer in the field of radioactivity.
마리 퀴리는 방사능 분야의 개척자였다.
overcome
[v] to defeat or succeed in controlling or dealing with something
She overcame many hardships to succeed.
그녀는 성공하기 위해 많은 어려움을 극복했다.
hardship
[n] difficult or unpleasant conditions of life
The early settlers faced many hardships.
초기 정착민들은 많은 어려움에 직면했다.
admiration
[n] a feeling of great respect and approval
His bravery won him a lot of admiration.
그의 용기는 그에게 많은 감탄을 받게 했다.
despite
[prep] without taking any notice of or being influenced by Despite the rain, the event continued as planned.
비에도 불구하고 행사는 계획대로 진행되었다.
limited
[adj] small in amount or number
The resources of the island are limited.
그 섬의 자원은 제한적이다.
resource
[n] a useful or valuable possession or quality of a country, organization, or person
Water is a valuable natural resource.
물은 귀중한 천연 자원이다.
self-worth
[n] a feeling of confidence in yourself that you are a good and useful person
Good friends help you to find your sense of self-worth.
좋은 친구들은 당신이 자아존중감을 찾는 데 도움을 준다.
emphasize
[v] to give special importance to something
The teacher emphasized the importance of reading.
선생님은 독서의 중요성을 강조했다.
declaration
[n] an official or formal statement
The Declaration of Independence is a historic document.
독립 선언문은 역사적인 문서이다.
recognize ~ as ...
to identify, acknowledge, or accept that someone or something is particular type of person or thing
The world recognized Mandela as a symbol of freedom.
세계는 만델라를 자유의 상징으로 인정했다.
document
[n] an official paper, book or electronic file that gives information about something
Please read and sign the attached document.
첨부된 문서를 읽고 서명해 주세요.
mission
[n] particular work that you feel it is your duty to do
Her mission in life was to help the homeless.
그녀의 인생 목표는 노숙자들 돕는 것이다.
imply
[v] to suggest that something is true or that you feel or think something, without saying so directly
I disliked the implied criticism in his voice.
그의 목소리에서 나타난 암시적인 비판이 마음에 들지 않았다.
underground
[adj] hidden or not widely known, such as underground movements, subcultures, or activities that are not part of the dominant or official system
Julia became popular as an underground artist before her music reached mainstream audiences.
Julia는 그녀의 음악이 주류 대중에게 알려지기 전에 언더그라운드 아티스트로서 인기를 얻었다.
means
[n] a way of achieving or doing something
Education is a means to a better future.
교육은 더 나은 미래로 가는 수단이다.
bring about
to make something happen
What brought about the change in his attitude?
그의 태도가 변한 이유는 무엇인가?
be engaged with
attention and interest are kept for something
She is always engaged with her studies.
그녀는 항상 공부에 몰두하고 있다.
appeal
[n] a quality that makes somebody/something attractive or interesting
The prospect of living in a city holds little appeal for me.
도시에서 살아가는 전망은 나에게 별로 매력적이지 않다.
phenomenon
[n] a fact or an event in nature or society, especially one that is not fully understood
Globalization is a phenomenon of the 21st century.
세계화는 21세기의 현상이다.
repetition
[n] the fact of doing or saying the same thing many times
In her work we find the constant repetition of the same themes.
그녀의 작업에서 우리는 같은 주제의 끊임없는 반복을 발견한다.
consciously
[adv] in a way that shows that you are aware of something or noticing something
He consciously avoided looking at her.
그는 의식적으로 그녀를 바라보는 것을 피했다.
representative
[adj] typical of a particular group of people or of a particular thing
The dish is a representative example of local cuisine.
그 요리는 지역 요리의 전형적인 예시이다.
internal
[adj] existing or located on the inside of something
The company is conducting an internal review to improve its working processes.
그 회사는 작업 과정을 개선하기 위해 내부 검토를 진행 중이다.
involve
[v] to have or include (someone or something) as a part of something
The test will involve answering questions about a photograph.
시험은 사진에 관한 질문에 답하는 것을 포함할 것이다.
imperfect
[adj] not complete or perfect
The project was still imperfect, with several points needing to be improved.
프로젝트는 여전히 완벽하지 않았으며, 개선이 필요한 몇 가지 지점들이 있었다.
consonant
[n] a letter in the alphabet that is not a vowel
The letter “B“ is a consonant.
글자 'B'는 자음이다.
identical
[adj] the same or similar in every detail
The twins look identical.
쌍둥이는 똑같이 생겼다.
vowel
[n] a letter that makes an open sound whe you speak (a, e, i, o, u)
The letter “A“ is a vowel.
글자 'A'는 모음이다.
the other way round
in the opposite position or direction
He thinks she is happy, but it's actually the other way round.
그는 그녀가 행복하다고 생각하지만, 실제로는 정반대이다.
sequence
[n] group of things that come one after the other, series
A sequence of his mistakes led to his failure.
연속된 그의 실수들이 결국 그의 실패로 이어졌다.
steady
[adj] not changing as time passes
Keep a steady pace while running.
달릴 때는 꾸준한 속도를 유지하라.
evoke
[v] to bring (a memory, feeling, image, etc.) into the mind
The movie evoked strong emotions.
영화는 강렬한 감정을 불러일으켰다.
카페
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