YBM 고등 영어 독해와 작문 신정현 Lesson 6-7

equip

v. 장비를 갖추다
When a computer equipped with artificial intelligence (AI) beat the world Go champion in Seoul in early 2016, the worries about AI were noticeably increased.

noticeably

ad. 두드러지게
When a computer equipped with artificial intelligence (AI) beat the world Go champion in Seoul in early 2016, the worries about AI were noticeably increased.

desperate

a. 자포자기한, 절박한
Many people are worried that robots equipped with AI could soon fill positions currently held by humans, leaving many of us in desperate circumstances.

circumstance

n. 상황, 환경, 경우
Many people are worried that robots equipped with AI could soon fill positions currently held by humans, leaving many of us in desperate circumstances.

optimist

n. 낙관주의자
{Optimists] about AI’s development believe that it will greatly improve our quality of life.

perceive

v. 감지[인지]하다
AI is software designed to perceive information and apply it towards solving problems within a given context, in a similar way to how human intelligence does.

capacity

n. 능력, 용량
There are three major types of AI based on capacity.

specialize in

~를 전문적으로 다루다
Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI), or Weak AI, is AI that specializes in one task.

filter

v. 걸러 내다
It can search for information, filter out unwanted emails, translate short sentences to another language, or play Go.

exceed

v. 넘어서다, 초과하다
It equals or exceeds human intelligence or efficiency in its specific task, but cannot do much more than that.

complicated

a. 복잡한
Creating AGI is much more difficult because the human brain works in a very complicated way.

as to

~에 관해서는
As to its hardware, its data storage space will be able to be expanded to any size while the brain cannot get bigger.

upgrade

v. 개선하다
As to its software, AGI will be able to be continuously upgraded through updates and fixes.

update

n. (데이터의) 갱신, 최신 정보
As to its software, AGI will be able to be continuously upgraded through updates and fixes.

simultaneously

ad. 동시에
Anything any single computer learned would be uploaded to all the other computers, which will make all of them smarter simultaneously.

advancement

n. 발전, 진보
AI at the last level of advancement is called Artificial Superintelligence (ASI).

trillion

n. 1조
ASI could range from a computer that is a little smarter than a human to one that is a trillion times smarter in all areas.

give rise to

~이 생기게 하다, 일으키다
ASI gives rise to heated debates because, if developed, it will change our future forever by employing its enormous power.

debate

n. 토론, 논의
ASI gives rise to heated debates because, if developed, it will change our future forever by employing its enormous power.

as of now

현재, 지금으로서는
As of now, we have ANI, the lowest level of AI.

acknowledge

v. 인정하다
They also acknowledge that once an AI system reaches the level of AGI, it will not take long for it to reach the next level.

humanity

n. 인류, 인간
What future will AI bring to humanity?

generate

v. 발생시키다, 만들어내다
To reduce global warming, AI could come up with much better ways to generate energy without polluting the environment.

fatal

a. 치명적인, 죽음을 초래하는
ASI could defeat fatal diseases.

cancer

n. 암
If a person has cancer, ASI could use nanotechnology to design special nanobots to perform surgery.

nanotechnology

n. 나노 기술
If a person has cancer, ASI could use nanotechnology to design special nanobots to perform surgery.

nanobot

n. 나노 로봇
If a person has cancer, ASI could use nanotechnology to design special nanobots to perform surgery.

side effect

n. 부작용
ASI could use nanotechnology to manufacture drugs to kill the cancer cells without side effects.

pessimistic

a. 비관적인
Experts in the pessimistic camp express concerns about the future that ASI may bring, including the loss of jobs and in particular, ethical issues.

replace ... with ~

…를 ~와 바꾸다
Most jobs requiring a medium level of skills and involving doing routine activities can be replaced with ASI, or even AGI.

financial

a. 금융의, 재정의
The resulting economic and financial instability could lead to serious social problems.

instability

n. 불안정
The resulting economic and financial instability could lead to serious social problems.

immensely

ad. 엄청나게, 대단히
AI is an immensely powerful tool and will become much more powerful as time passes.

fundamental

a. 근본적인, 본질적인
AI will bring about a fundamental change in our lives and the world will never be the same.

panic

v. 공황 상태에 빠지다
We do not have to panic.

decompose

v. 분해되다
We know that plastic waste harms the environment because it does not decompose naturally.

tiny

a. 아주 작은
Microplastics are tiny plastic particles less than five millimeters wide.

particle

n. (아주 작은) 입자, 조각
Microplastics are tiny plastic particles less than five millimeters wide.

breakdown

n. 분해
They are formed from the breakdown of larger plastic waste in the seas or are industrially manufactured in two forms: microbeads and microfibers.

scrub

n. 스크럽, 각질 제거제
They are used in hundreds of personal care products, including toothpaste, facial scrubs, and some cosmetic products.

cosmetic

a. 화장용의, 미용의
They are used in hundreds of personal care products, including toothpaste, facial scrubs, and some cosmetic products.

filter out

~을 걸러내다
Microbeads are too small to be filtered out during the waste water treatment process.

synthetic

a. 합성한, 인조의
Microfibers are the synthetic materials that are used in clothes.

thread

n. 실
Most of our clothing is made up of these tiny threads of plastic.

estimate

n. 추정(치), 추산
This estimate does not include the microplastic waste that may have sunk into the depths of the oceans, washed ashore onto beaches, or been swallowed by marine animals.

ashore

ad. 해안으로, 물가로, 강가에
This estimate does not include the microplastic waste that may have sunk into the depths of the oceans, washed ashore onto beaches, or been swallowed by marine animals.

marine

a. 바다의, 해양의
Microplastics in the oceans are a serious threat to the marine ecosystem.

quantities of

많은
Another study showed that vast quantities of microplastics are present on the deep sea floor.

sharply

ad. 급격히
The amount of microplastics in the oceans will necessarily increase sharply.

expose

v. (유해한 환경 등에) 노출되다
A group of French researchers reported that oysters exposed to microplastics produced fewer offspring and the offspring grew more slowly.

offspring

n. (동식물의) 새끼
A group of French researchers reported that oysters exposed to microplastics produced fewer offspring and the offspring grew more slowly.

prevent ... from -ing

...가 ~하는 것을 막다
Another study has shown that microplastics are even preventing ocean fish from becoming adults.

reproduce

v. 번식하다
Shockingly, some young fish have been found to prefer these tiny plastic particles to their natural food sources, starving themselves before they can reproduce.

organism

n. 유기체, (특히 극도로 작은) 생물(체)
The toxic microplastics are eaten by fish and other marine organisms.

substance

n. 물질
The toxic substances we consume at the top of the food chain can be harmful enough to cause genetic changes and cancer.

genetic

a. 유전의
The toxic substances we consume at the top of the food chain can be harmful enough to cause genetic changes and cancer.

explore

v. 탐험하다
NGOs are leading many activities such as raising awareness, removing waste from seashores, and exploring the oceans.

demand

v. 요구하다
Based on scientific discoveries, NGOs are particularly demanding that products containing microplastics not be sold at all.

take notice of

…을 알아차리다, 주의하다
As a result, people, industries, and governments around the world are beginning to take notice of the microplastic problem.

ecologist

n. 생태학자
In 2013, British ecologist Mark Browne launched a project to help reduce the number of microfibers released into the oceans.

launch

v. (특히 조직적인 일을) 시작하다
In 2013, British ecologist Mark Browne launched a project to help reduce the number of microfibers released into the oceans.

fiber

n. 섬유
Now, around 90 percent of the brand’s clothing products are made with all natural fibers.

legislation

n. 제정법
Some governments have introduced legislation to deal with microplastics.

tackle

v. (힘든 문제·상황과) 씨름하다
This policy, which was an important step towards tackling plastic pollution in the oceans, offers a model for the rest of the world.

coastal

a. 해안의
Avoiding personal care products that have microbeads in them would reduce the amount of microplastics entering marine and coastal environments.

obtain

v. 얻다, 구하다
Companies want to keep microplastics in their products because they are cheap and easy to obtain.

organic

a. 유기농의
As a consumer, you should buy clothing made of natural materials like organic cotton and wool, and avoid synthetic ones.

cotton

n. 면직물
As a consumer, you should buy clothing made of natural materials like organic cotton and wool, and avoid synthetic ones.

wool

n. 모직
As a consumer, you should buy clothing made of natural materials like organic cotton and wool, and avoid synthetic ones.