In the rush towards individual achievement and recognition, the majority of those who make it forget their humble beginnings. They often forget those who helped them on their way up. If you forget where you came from, if you neglect those who were there for you when things were tough and slow, then your success is valueless. No one can make it up there without the help of others. There are parents, friends, advisers, and coaches that help. You need to be grateful to all of those who helped you. Gratitude is the glue that keeps you connected to others. It is the bridge that keeps you connected with those who were there for you in the past and who are likely to be there in the end. Relationships and the way you treat others determine your real success.
① 원만한  인간관계를  위하여  사고의  유연성을  길러야  한다.
② 성공에  도움을  준  사람들에게  감사하는  마음을  가져야  한다.
③ 자신의  분야에서  성공하기  위해서는  경험의  폭을  넓혀야  한다.
④ 원하는  직업을  갖기  위해서는  다른  사람의  조언을  경청해야  한다.
⑤ 타인의  시선을  의식하지  않고  부단히  새로운  일에  도전해야  한다.

For companies interested in delighting customers, exceptional value and service become part of the overall company culture. For example, year after year, Pazano ranks at or near the top of the hospitality industry in terms of customer satisfaction. The company’s passion for satisfying customers is summed up in its credo, which promises that its luxury hotels will deliver a truly memorable experience. Although a customer­-centered firm seeks to deliver high customer satisfaction relative to competitors, it does not attempt to maximize customer satisfaction. A company can always increase customer satisfaction by lowering its price or increasing its services. But this may result in lower profits. Thus, the purpose of marketing is to generate customer value profitably. This requires a very delicate balance: the marketer must continue to generate more customer value and satisfaction but not ‘give away the house’.
* credo: 신조
① risk  the  company’s  profitability
② overlook  a  competitor’s  strengths
③ hurt  the  reputation  of  the  company
④ generate  more  customer  complaints
⑤ abandon  customer­-oriented  marketing

The problem with simply adopting any popular method of parenting is that it ignores the most important variable in the equation: the uniqueness of your child. So, rather than insist that one style of parenting will work with every child, we might take a page from the gardener’s handbook. Just as the gardener accepts, without question or resistance, the plant’s requirements and provides the right conditions each plant needs to grow and flourish, so, too, do we parents need to custom­design our parenting to fit the natural needs of each individual child. Although that may seem difficult, it is possible. Once we understand who our children really are, we can begin to figure out how to make changes in our parenting style to be more positive and accepting of each child we’ve been blessed to parent.
* equation: 방정식
① 자녀의  특성에  맞는  개별화된  양육이  필요하다.
② 식물을  키우는  것이  자녀의  창의성  발달에  도움이  된다.
③ 정서적  교감은  자녀의  바람직한  인격  형성에  필수적이다.
④ 자녀에게  타인을  존중하는  태도를  가르치는  것이  중요하다.
⑤ 전문가에  의해  검증된  양육  방식을  따르는  것이  바람직하다.

In the movie Groundhog Day, a weatherman played by Bill Murray is forced to re­live a single day over and over again. Confronted with this seemingly endless loop, he eventually rebels against living through the same day the same way twice. He learns French, becomes a great pianist, befriends his neighbors, helps the poor. Why do we cheer him on? Because we don’t want perfect predictability, even if what’s on repeat is appealing. surprise engages us. It allows us to escape autopilot. It keeps us awake to our experience. In fact, the neurotransmitter systems involved in reward are tied to the level of surprise: rewards delivered at regular, predictable times yield a lot less activity in the brain than the same rewards delivered at random unpredictable times. Surprise gratifies.
* loop: 고리
** neurotransmitter: 신경전달물질
① considerations  in  learning  foreign  languages
② people’s  inclination  towards  unpredictability
③ hidden  devices  to  make  a  movie  plot  unexpected
④ positive  effects  of  routine  on  human  brain  function
⑤ danger  of  predicting  the  future  based  on  the  present

A building is an inanimate object, but it is not an inarticulate one. Even the simplest house always makes a statement, one expressed in brick and stone, in wood and glass, rather than in words — but no less loud and obvious. When we see a rusting trailer surrounded by weeds and abandoned cars, or a brand­-new mini­-mansion with a high wall, we instantly get a message. In both of these cases, though in different accents, it is “Stay Out of Here.” It is not only houses, of course, that communicate with us. All kinds of buildings — churches, museums, schools, hospitals, restaurants, and offices — speak to us silently. Sometimes the statement is deliberate. A store or restaurant can be designed so that it welcomes mostly low­-income or high­-income customers. Buildings tell us what to think and how to act, though we may not register their messages consciously.
* inarticulate: 표현을 제대로 하지 못하는
① Buildings  Do  Talk  in  Their  Own  Ways!
② Design  of  Buildings  Starts  from  Nature
③ Language  of  Buildings:  Too  Vague  to  Grasp
④ Which  Is  More  Important,  Safety  or  Beauty?
⑤ How  Do  Architects  Attach  Emotions  to  Buildings?

Even though institutions like the World Bank use wealth ① to differentiate between “developed” and “developing” countries, they also agree that development is more than economic growth. “Development” can also include the social and environmental changes that are caused by or accompany economic growth, some of ② which are positive and thus may be negative. Awareness has grown — and continues to grow — that the question of how economic growth is affecting people and the planet ③ needs to be addressed. Countries are slowly learning that it is cheaper and causes ④ much less suffering to try to reduce the harmful effects of an economic activity or project at the beginning, when it is planned, than after the damage appears. To do this is not easy and is always imperfect. But an awareness of the need for such an effort indicates a greater understanding and moral concern than ⑤ was the previous widespread attitude that focused only on creating new products and services.

The most advanced military jets are fly‑by‑wire: They are so unstable that they require an automated system that can sense and act more quickly than a human operator to maintain control. Our dependence on smart technology has led to a ① paradox. As technology improves, it becomes more reliable and more efficient, and human operators depend on it even more. Eventually they lose focus, become ② distracted, and check out, leaving the system to run on its own. In the most extreme case, piloting a massive airliner could become a ③ passive occupation, like watching TV. This is fine until something unexpected happens. The unexpected reveals the value of humans; what we bring to the table is the ④ flexibility to handle new situations. Machines aren’t collaborating in pursuit of a joint goal; they are merely serving as tools. So when the human operator gives up oversight, the system is ⑤ less likely to have a serious accident.
* fly‑by‑wire: 전자식 비행 조종 장치

Followers can be defined by their position as subordinates or by their behavior of going along with leaders’ wishes. But followers also have power to lead. Followers empower leaders as well as vice versa. This has led some leadership analysts like Ronald Heifetz to avoid using the word followers and refer to the others in a power relationship as “citizens” or “constituents.” Heifetz is correct that too simple a view of followers can produce misunderstanding. In modern life, most people wind up being both leaders and followers, and the categories can become quite ______________. Our behavior as followers changes as our objectives change. If I trust your judgment in music more than my own, I may follow your lead on which concert we attend (even though you may be formally my subordinate in position). But if I am an expert on fishing, you may follow my lead on where we fish, regardless of our formal positions or the fact that I followed your lead on concerts yesterday.
* vice versa: 반대로, 거꾸로
① rigid
② unfair
③ fluid
④ stable
⑤ apparent

Color is an interpretation of wavelengths, one that only exists internally. And it gets stranger, because the wavelengths we’re talking about involve only what we call “visible light”, a spectrum of wavelengths that runs from red to violet. But visible light constitutes only a tiny fraction of the electromagnetic spectrum — less than one ten­trillionth of it. All the rest of the spectrum — including radio waves, microwaves, X-­rays, gamma rays, cell phone conversations, wi­fi, and so on — all of this is flowing through us right now, and we’re completely unaware of it. This is because we don’t have any specialized biological receptors to pick up on these signals from other parts of the spectrum. The slice of reality that we can see is _________________________.
* electromagnetic: 전자기의
** receptor: 수용체
① hindered  by  other  wavelengths
② derived  from  our  imagination
③ perceived  through  all  senses
④ filtered  by  our  stereotypes
⑤ limited  by  our  biology