Core Nonfiction Reading-Book 2 (E)
128 카드 | CompassPublishing
세트공유
conserve
to keep something or try to use it slowly toavoid loss or waste
It is important to conserve resources when buildinggreen.
construction
the act of building something
In green building, the goal of construction is to build in a way that does not harm the Earth.
crisis
a difficult situation that needs serious attention
In the 1960s and 1970s, people were worried about theoil crisis and increased pollution.
critic
a person who does not agree with somethingor focuses on problems
critics think that green building is too expensive.
extend
to make something last longer
He extended his hand to her.
phrase
a group of two or more words that express asingle idea
He arrived after dinner.("after dinner is phrase.
sustainable
able to be used without being completely usedup; able to last a long time
Building materials should be sustainable and energyefficient.
transportation
the act of moving something from one place toanother
Building materials should be found locally so that less gasoline is used during transportation.
attempt
an act of trying to do something
attempts to reach the top of Everest must be carefully timed.
blast
to hit something powerfully, sometimes with air
Strong winds blast the summit of Everest nearly all year long.
border
the line that divides two countries or states
Mount Everest is on the border of Nepal and China.
calculate
to find a number by doing math
By 1856, British surveyors had calculated Everest’s height.
impressive
causing a strong feeling of admiration orrespect
Because of Everest’s impressive height, many people want to climb it.
located
in a place
Nepal is located near the Himalaya mountain range.
mount
a short way of saying mountain often usedbefore the name of the mountain
At 8,848 meters, mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world.
obstacle
something that you have to go around or over;something difficult to pass
Many climbers turn back because their bodies cannot overcome Everest’s obstacles.
pose
to be or create (a possible danger, problem,etc.)
Mount Everest’s two climbing routes pose plenty of dangers.
supreme
highest in quality, importance, etc.
Climbing Everest is the supreme challenge!
analyst
a person who studies something closely to getinformation from it
The position of systems analyst is highly valued in some companies.
attention
special care or treatment
Some people need a lot of medical attention when they get older.
elderly
old; past middle age
The world’s population is starting to include more and more elderly people.
engineering
the work of designing and creating roads,bridges, buildings, products, or systems
engineering is a position that involves a lot of planning and development.
finance
money available to a business or person
Most businesses need accountants to handle their finances.
graduate
to earn a degree or diploma from a school,college, or university
Some students are stressed about what to do after they graduate.
physician
a medical doctor
physician assistant jobs will see a lot of growth in the future.
priest
a person who leads or performs religiousceremonies
Government officials and priests had an advantage because they could read and write.
shelter
a place to live that is safe from danger, badweather, etc.
We gave the old man shelter for the night.
urban
of or relating to cities and the people who livein them
Many people are moving from rural areas to urban ones.
boundary
a real or imaginary point beyond which aperson can't go or do something
Respect for their boundaries makes people feel comfortable.
bow
the gesture of bending the head or bodyforward
Some people bow, but others kiss when they greet each other.
bubble
a round, ball-like area usually filled with air
Every person is surrounded by a bubble of their own space.
facial
on or associated with the face
If you get too close to someone, they may make a strange facial expression.
greeting
something friendly or nice that you say or dowhen you meet someone
greetings can say a lot about personal space across cultures.
hug
to wrap your arms around someone and holdthem tightly
Some friends hug as a greeting.
invisible
not able to be seen
People have an invisible space around themselves that they consider their own.
laughter
the sound people make when they are happyor something is funny
If you invade someone’s space, they may respond with stiff laughter.
pat
to touch with an open hand in a gentle, friendlyway
Some friends pat each other on the back when greeting.
assist
to help or support
The junior doctor assisted the surgeon at the operation.
depression
a medical condition that involves feeling sadand unimportant
She was treated by the doctor for depression.
evolve
to change slowly over time; to develop
Over time, art has evolved into a way to express oneself.
heal
to make healthy or well again
This ointment will soon heal your cuts.
jail
a place where people are kept when theycommit a crime
Many places use art as therapy, such as jails, schools, and nursing homes.
label
to use words to name or describe something
She labelled all the boxes of books carefully.
meditation
the act of spending time in quiet thought
Some forms of art therapy encourage people to practice meditation to help calm their mind.
psychology
the study of people's minds and behaviors
Art therapy includes both psychology and art.
yoga
a system of stretching exercises for mental andphysical health
Art therapy can be combined with yoga to increase a person’s sense of well-being.
athletes
someone who plays or does a sport
Hundreds of athletes took part in the games.
combine
to mix or join things together
They combined to fight the enemy;
competiton
an event where people try to win a prize bybeing the best, fastest, etc.
Have you entered the tennis competition?
derive
coming from or based on something
Freerunning is derived from parkour, but they are different sports.
distinct
different; separate
Freerunning and parkour are actually distinct ways of exercising.
efficiently
in a way that is effective but does not wastetime or energy
The goal of parkour is for a person’s mind and body to work together efficiently.
founder
someone who starts a new sport, club, business,etc.
Freerunning started when one of the founders of parkour decided that he wanted more freedom of
military
of or relating to soldiers or the armed forces(army, navy, marines, etc.)
The idea for parkour came from a form of French military training.
philosopy
a set of ideas about how to do something orhow to live
Parkour and freerunning have many things in common, but they have different philosophies.
warrior
someone who has skill and training in fighting
The chief of the tribe called his warriors together.
decade
a period of ten years
A decadeis a period of ten years.
destructive
causing a lot of damage
Fire, earthquakes, and volcanoes are all destructive.
earthquake
a shaking of part of the earth's surface thatoften causes great damage
Like volcanoes, earthquakes happen when plates underthe Earth move around.
eruption
when gas or liquid rock comes out of the topof a volcano
There are frequent smaller volcanic eruptions that do not make the news.
frequent
happening often
He made frequent journeys.
generate
to cause; to create
His suggestions generated a lot of ill-feeling.
landmark
a very important event or achievement
The church-tower is a landmark for sailors because it stands on the top of a cliff.
lighter
not as heavy
Some tectonic plates under the earth are much lightert han others.
surface
the face; the top of outside of something
The Ring of Fire’s power is generated by plates under the earth’s surface.
volcano
a mountain that can erupt
volcanoes form or erupt when plates under the ground press against each other.
crucial
extremely important
Technology is crucial in helping students get ready for the future.
education
knowledge orunderstanding achieved by going to school
education now focuses on working together and problem solving.
engaging
interesting; holding a person's attention
an engaging smile
feedback
information given about performance, usuallyused to help improve future performance
Some apps can provide feedback quickly.
instant
quick; immediate
Anyone disobeying these rules will face instant dismissal.
interactive
involving responses to actions
an interactive system/program; interactive video games
overall
considering the whole, not the parts
Knowledge of technology can help improve the overall quality of a country’s workforce.
properly
in the right way
When working properly, amygdala keeps people safe by telling them to run or hide from real dangers.
tie
a connection; a link
The parcel was tied with string.
tool
something that helps with an activity or task
Advertising is a powerful tool.
attached
connected or joined to something
During treatment, sensors are attached to the skin.
flashing
(of light) shining on and off repeatedly
Sensors communicate signals through flashing lights.
monitor
a screen that shows information or pictures,usually connected to a computer
The monitor communicates signals through flashinglights or sounds.
muscle
a part of the body that connects to bones andallows us to move
The sensors signal information about the patient’sheartbeat, temperature, and muscle movements to amonitor.
option
a choice or possibility
You have no option but to obey him.
overcome
to successfully deal with or gain control of(something difficult)
What makes people fearful and how can their fears be overcome?
terrified
feeling very afraid
The terrified little girl screamed.
therapy
the treatment of a physical or mental illness
Exposure therapy is one way to retrain the brain.
compare
to look at differences in things and decidewhich thing is better
A Swedish experiment will compare the productivity of shorter and longer workweeks.
despite
without being prevented by something; notconsidering something
He didn't get the job despite all his qualifications.
disadvantage
something that causes difficulty; somethingnegative
There are several disadvantages to this plan.
employee
a person who works for another person or acompany
employees in Germany work fewer hours than those in the United States for similar pay.
policy
an officially accepted set of rules or ideas abouthow something should be done
The company may change its policy on set working time.
Productive
producing or creating a lot
Our discussion was not very productive.
revolution
a big change in the way of thinking about ordoing something
The Industrial revolution happened during the 18th and 19th centuries.
theory
an idea that is suggested as possibly true, butthat is not known or proven to be true
In theory, I agree with you, but it would not work in practice.
astronaut
someone who travels into space as a job
People think astronauts float around all day and do fun science experiments.
greenhouse
a special glass building that is used for growingplants
A greenhouse on the space station grows vegetables.
interrupt
to cause something to stop for some time
A block of flats interrupted their view of the sea.
mechanic
someone who has the job of fixing machines,often cars
On Earth, if someone has a problem, it is easy to call a mechanic or a handyman.
oxygen
a gas in the air that humans breathe because itis necessary for life
He died from lack of oxygen.
paradise
the perfect place
Some people think life on the International Space Station sounds like paradise.
preserve
to save or use slowly
Water is scarce in space and every drop must be preserved.
routine
done as a normal part of a job, situation, orprocess
In space, the lack of water and oxygen makes it difficult to do routine things.
achieve
to succeed in doing something that you wantedto do
Women wore something under their dresses to achieve a better figure.
cage
a structure of metal wires or rods
The lion has escaped from its cage
consist
to be formed or made up (of something)
The house consists of six rooms.
fashion
a popular way of dressing during a certain time
fashions in music and art are always changing.
jewelry
things people wear on their body fordecoration, such as necklaces and earrings
Department stores included clothing, hats, gloves,shoes, and jewelry.
peak
to reach the highest level
Strange fashions peaked in the 1800s.
rapidly
at a fast rate
Dress styles changed rapidly during the 19th century.
steel
a very hard, heavy metal
Some hoop skirts were made of a flexible type of steel.
tight
leaving no space between clothing and thebody
My trousers are too tight.
waist
the middle part of your body
Empire dresses had a high waist.
litter
garbage in a place where it does not belong
The garbage island between Asia and North America is made up of both visible and microscopic litter.
majority
more than half; most
Tiny bits of plastic called microplastics form the majority of the island.
mammal
a type of animal that feeds its babies milk fromits own body and usually has hair
Monkeys are mammals.
marine
relating to the ocean
Countless marine mammals die every year due to ocean pollution.
mass
a large amount of something, often somethingsolid
I've masses of work to do.
meantime
while something else is happening
In the meantime, people can help stop the the growth of of these garbage islands.
numerous
many; a lot of
Garbage in the ocean causes death to numerous sea creatures and birds.
trap
to catch or take in and not let go
He set a trap to catch the bear.
trash
things that you throw away because you do notwant them; garbage
Throw it away! It's just trash.
visible
able to be seen
The "garbage island" contains both visible and microscopic trash.
alarming
producing a sense of danger
Beekeepers have noticed that hives are failing at a larming rates.
collapse
to fail or break down suddenly
Many beehives have collapsed in recent years and no one knows why.
crop
plants grown by farmers
crops cannot grow without help from honeybees.
dairy
related to foods that include milk from cows
The work of bees affects beef and dairy production.
disorder
an unhealthy condition; a sickness or disease
Some scientists believe that a disorder is causing hives to fail.
media
radio, television, the Internet, newspapers,magazines, etc.
The media has been discussing bees a lot recently.
nutrition
the process of eating the right kind of food tostay healthy
Bees can die if they do not have good nutrition.
symptom
a sign that something is wrong
symptoms of an unhealthy hive include the disappearance of worker bees.
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